ISP 203B Exam 2 and 3 Questions With 100% Correct Answers 2024

ISP 203B Exam 2 and 3 Questions With 100% Correct Answers 2024 True or False: Wegener used plate tectonics to explain continental drift. - answerFalse True or False: In measuring earthquakes, an event with a Richter magnitude of 5.0 is only slightly stronger than one with a magnitude of 4.0. - answerFalse In Comparison to developing countries, catastrophic natural disasters in developed countries are most likely to cause _________. - answerMore economic damage, but less loss of life The cost of natural disasters is _________. - answerVariable from year to year. Compared to the lithosphere, the asthenosphere is _______. - answerHotter and more plastic The newest oceanic crust will be found at what type of plate boundary? - answerDivergent Oceanic crust is denser than continental crust because ___________. - answerOceanic crust is rich in iron and magnesium-containing materials __________ waves have the largest amplitude of ground motion. - answerSurface A 3.0 magnitude earthquake releases about ______ times the energy as a 2.0 magnitude earthquake. - answer32 The __________ magnitude measures the total energy output of an earthquake. - answerMoment When it is difficult to obtain moment magnitude, __________ magnitude is the best way to measure large earthquakes because this type of magnitude saturates at M > 7.5 - answerSurface wave What is the reliable earthquake precursor that can be used to predict earthquakes: groundwater level, radon level, foreshocks, or animal behavior? - answerNone of these A seismic gap is a(n) ________. - answerPart of an active fault that has not had recent earthquakes The recurrence interval _________. - answerPredicts the average occurrence of major earthquakes in a single area Which construction material would make a house safest in a moderate earthquake? - answerWood-frame construction sheathed with plywood Tsunami detection networks are ___________. - answerAccurate at predicting the arrival of a distant tsunami, but rarely provide sufficient warning of tsunami generated by a nearby earthquake. A tsunami in Japan would affect ________. - answerAll coastal areas of the Pacific If you are alerted that a tsunami is approaching, your first reaction should be to ____________. - answerImmediately head for a location as high above sea level as possible A tectonic plate consists of __________. - answerThe lithosphere Compared to a continental plate, an oceanic plate ___________. - answerCan sink into the deeper earth Plate tectonics is NOT caused by ___________. - answerRidge push What caused the 2004 Sumatra earthquake? How large was it? - answer-Subduction zone/convergent boundary of indian and sunda plate. Continental plate. This was the 3rd largest earthquake -Magnitude: 9.3 What caused the 2004 Sumatra Tsunami? - answerVertical displacement of water due to earthquake elastic energy release at convergent boundary Why was the tsunami so devastating? - answer-Large rupture area -Caused by 3rd largest earthquake recorded -Little preparation -Affected multiple countries -Dense population What is "earthquake rebound"? - answer1. Rocks deform 2. Build up of energy 3. Energy is released 4. Rupture occurs 5. Rocks rebound What does the warning system for earthquakes look like? - answer-Seismograph sensor detects faster P wave -USGS issues rapid automatic alerts -Challenges: Location and Magnitude What are the lessons we have learned from the 2004 Sumatra earthquake/tsunami? - answerThat there can be tsunamis in the Indian ocean and sumatra could have been more prepared if we knew this and there wouldn't have been as many casualties What are the three kinds of volcanoes? - answer1. Strato 2. Caldera 3. Shield What are the characteristics of the stratovolcano? - answer-Tall, conical volcano composed of one layer of hardened lava, tephra, and volcanic ash. -Steep profile and periodic, explosive eruptions What are the characteristics of the caldera volcano? - answer-Extreme Volcanoes. -Most powerful and catastrophic types of volcanoes because of the unique way in which they form -Shaped more like an inverse volcano What are the characteristics of the shield volcano? - answer-Produce eruptions with lava that pours over the top of the summit and features low-density magma. -Low quantity of ash during the eruption. What are some hazards associated with volcanoes? - answerA) destroy towns and building with lava B) can release toxic gases C) can cause airplane jets to shut down D) can create a cloud over area and not let in sunlight - this affects climate Describe the 2010 Iceland eruption? - answerContact of high temperature magma with ice results in vaporization of ice and explosive eruptions Describe Krakatoa 1883 eruption? - answerA) Krakatoa 1883 caused a tsunami and killed 36,000 people B) Ash plume moved around the world in the atmosphere and caused red sunsets