Pharmacology Galen Test 2 questions well answered 2024/2025

Pharmacology Galen Test 2 questions well answered 2024/2025Does not affect glucose metabolism although it can cause sodium and water retention - correct answer Prazosin Monitor for orthostatic hypotension, this is very important with the first dose Tell the patient that 2-4 hours after the first dose they should be recumbent and call for assistance before getting out of bed - correct answer When receiving Prazosin Propanolol is no longer the drug of choice for angina due to - correct answer Bronchospasm Propanolol is contraindicated for patients with - correct answer asthma and COPD Beta Blocker and a cardioselective drug and can be used by patients with asthma. - correct answer Atenolol When is Diltiazem contraindicated? - correct answer heart block and if patient is hypotensive How is Diltiazem administered? - correct answer IV for PSVT, a-fib, and a-flutter. It is also administered po for hypertension and angina. What s/s of dig toxicity should we teach patients to monitor for and report to the healthcare provider? - correct answer anorexia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bradycardia ( pulse rate below 60)headaches, blurred vision, seeing (white, green, yellow halos around objects), confusion and delirium. (pg. 603) When administering Diltiazem IV bolus what will you monitor for and how fast would you push the med? - correct answer IV bolus over 2 minutes, monitor for hypotension Diuretic used to prevent kidney failure, to decrease ICP, and to decrease intraocular pressure. - correct answer Osmotic Diuretic A constant irritated cough, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, hyperkalemia and tachycardia - correct answer S/E of ace inhibitor If a patient is taking an ace inhibitor and a dry hacking cough is noted the provider can switch the patient what? - correct answer ARB If patient is on a thiazide and or cortisone with digoxin they should be prescribed what? - correct answer Potassium Supplement What are the side effects and adverse reactions associated with statins? - correct answer GI upset, muscle tenderness or weakness, do not stop abruptly because of serious rebound effect might occure that could lead to AMI and possible death, constipation, elevated glucose levels, increase in liver enzymes. Decreases contractility and heart rate. Can mask hypoglycemia (sweating may be the only sign). - correct answer Beta Blockers Beta Blocker that's not a good choice for asthma patients. - correct answer Propanolol The type of Agina that occurs at rest and Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are used to treat - correct answer Variant Angina Used to treat PSVT and is contraindicated in heart block, A-Flutter and A-Fib - correct answer Adenocard Often administered to patients experiencing variant angina to decrease vasospasms and increase oxygen supply. - correct answer NTG 3.5-5 meq/L - correct answer K+ 2-3 meq - correct answer INR / Coumadin 0.5-2ng/ml - correct answer Digoxin Insulin that is a loner (never mixed) - correct answer Lantus Cause problems with low blood sugar. - correct answer Meglitinides Sulfonylureas Given to decrease ammonia levels. Causes belching, n/v and diarrhea. - correct answer Lactulose Keeps clots from forming (prevents DVT) - rapid acting, given IV or subq, bleeding precautions - correct answer Heparin Throbolytics that's used for MI, ischemic stroke and pulmonary emboli, IV or IV bolus within 2-6 hours after event - correct answer streptokinase Activase (T-PA) Tenectaplaxe (TNKase s/s: Polyuria, Polydipsia, Polyphagia Weight loss, fatigue, increase frequency of infections, rapid onset, insulin dependent, familial tendency, peak incidence from 10-15 years - correct answer DM I Polyuria, Polydipsia, Recurrent infections, visual changes, fatigue, decrease energy, HbA1c greater than 6.5, FBS greater than 126, Prediabetes FBS 100-125, Metabolic Syndrome: increase for diabetes, increase triglycerides, decrease HDLs, increase B/P, Central obesity, sedentary lifestyle, FBS greater than 126, most common when over 35 - correct answer DM II onset rapid 1-3 hours s/s: anxious, sweaty, hungry, confused, blurred or double vision, shaky, irritable, cool and clammy skin / treatment goal is BS over 70mg T: tachycardia, I: irritability, R: restless, E: Excessive Hunger, D: Diaphoresis/Depression - correct answer Hypoglycemia Onset 4-10 ours (lack of insulin)