GCSE Computer Science - Data Representation FINAL REVIEW EXAMS

GCSE Computer Science - Data Representation FINAL REVIEW EXAMS Machine code 1st Generation language *Ans* The 1s and 0s that make up the instructions for a computer. This is the lowest level of programming language that all programs must be converted to in order to be executed on a computer. Computers only understand machine code. Assembly language 2nd generation language *Ans* One step up from machine code where the individual machine code instructions are represented as simple keywords such as ADD or BRA. Requires an assembler to turn it into machine code. High level language 3rd generation language. *Ans* A computer programming language that is much closer to a human language than machine code. Examples of high level languages are Python, PHP, Visual Basic and C (although there are lots more!). Requires and interpreter or a compiler to turn it into machine code. Bit *Ans* A single binary digit. A bit will be either a 1 or a 0. Nibble *Ans* 4 bits. A nibble is equivalent to a single hexadecimal digit. e.g. 0111 = 7, 1010 = A, 1111 = F Byte *Ans* 8 bits. Can be used to represent any denary number from 0 to 255 (that's 256 different combinations!). The smallest chunk of data, a byte is used to store a single ASCII character. Kilobyte *Ans* 1024 or 2^10 bytes. Megabyte (Mb) *Ans* 1024 kilobytes. Gigabyte (Gb) *Ans* 1024 megabytes. Terabyte (Tb) *Ans* 1024 gigbytes. Binary *Ans* The number system we use to represent the data stored in a