Bio 235 Exam II Questions With 100% Correct Answers

Bio 235 Exam II Questions With 100% Correct Answers Complementary Gene Action Genes working in tandem to produce a particular trait. Duplicate Recessive Epistasis 9:7 ratio, either allele can mask another hypostatic gene's expression. Complementation Mutation in both genes work together to produce a different expected phenotype. Noncomplementation Mutations occur in the same gene to produce the same phenotype. When do two genes assort independently? When they are located on different (non-homologous) chromosomes or further apart on a the same chromosome. Why do genes only assort independently on non-linked chromosomes? Because bivalents in prophase of M1 are oriented randomly. Recombination a process by which pieces of DNA are broken in homologous chromosomes and recombined to produce new combinations of alleles. frequent in non-linked homologous chromosomes Linkage alleles that are located in close proximity to each other on the same chromosome. They are more likely to be inherited and recombined together but cannot assort independently. How can you detect linkage? More parental gametes are produced than recombinant in the F2 because of a lack of independent assortment. recombination frequency proportion of recombinant progeny produced in a hybrid cross. 1% Rf = 1 centimorgan what is the RF in a testcross for an individual with linked genes? 50% >> Less than half what is the RF in a testcross for an individual with non-linked genes? 50% Relationship between distance and rf higher distance = higher rf, more genetic distance = more recombination frequency Linkage Group the collection of matched loci in a genome, term synonymous with a chromosome. Markers DNA polymorphisms used to highlight allele specific loci on a chromosome, analogous to signs along the highway. Why is RF a flawed measurement for genetic distance?