ANALYTICAL METHODS (GISP EXAM) questions with correct answers

ANALYTICAL METHODS (GISP EXAM) questions with correct answers Quantitative revolution Correct Answer-a paradigm shift that sought to develop a more rigorous and systematic methodology for the discipline of geography. ... The main claim for the _________ _________ is that it led to a shift from a descriptive (idiographic) geography to an empirical law-making (nomothetic) geography Overlay analysis Correct Answer-A group of methodologies applied in optimal site selection or suitability modeling (identify the best or most preferred locations for a specific phenomenon). Can be vector ('what's on top of what') or raster (allows different weightings for the importance of different layers). For this type of analysis, vector tools = Identity, intersect, symmetrical difference, union, update. Raster tools = weighted overlay, weighted sum, single band map algebra, zonal statistics, combine. Overlay analysis methodology Correct Answer-Methodology of this type of analysis is based on boolean logic: 1. Define problem 2. Break problem into submodels 3. Determine significant layers (may need to be created) 4. Reclassify or transform data within a layer (value scales of layers must lead to meaningful output, ie. dollars, distance, degrees) 5. Weight the input layers 6. Add or combine the layers 7. Analyze Spatial overlay Correct Answer-Process of superimposing layers of geographic data that cover the same area to study the relationship between them Overlay Correct Answer-Two or more features, layers or maps are superimposed to show relationships between features Erase Correct Answer-Creates a feature class by overlaying the Input Features with the polygons of the Erase Features. Only those portions of the input features falling outside the erase features outside boundaries are copied to the output feature class. Identity Correct Answer-Computes a geometric intersection of the input features and identity features. The input features or portions thereof that overlap identity features will get the attributes of those identity features. Intersect Correct Answer-Computes a geometric intersection of the input features. Features or portions of features which overlap in all layers and/or feature classes will be written to the output feature class. Spatial Join Correct Answer-Joins attributes from one feature to another based on the spatial relationship. The target features and the joined attributes from the join features are written to the output feature class. Symmetrical difference Correct Answer-Features or portions of features in the input and update features that do not overlap will be written to the output feature class. Union Correct Answer-Creates a geometric union of the input features. All features and their attributes from input features will be written to the output feature class. Update Correct Answer-Computes a geometric intersection of the Input Features and Update Features. The attributes and geometry of the input features are updated by the update features in the output feature class.