Nutrition Final Exam Review Questions with Verified Answers

Nutrition Final Exam Review Questions with Verified Answers What are the 3 antioxidant vitamins? vitamin a, vitamin C, and vitamin E What is the major difference between water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins? water soluble, excess secreted through urine and they need to be consumed daily. fat soluble, stored in the liver and adipose tissue and can build up to toxic levels if consumed in excess What is the TLC diet? therapeutic lifestyle diet for heart health. recommends an abundance of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, limiting fat and animal protein to 5 oz or less per day What is the major benefit of omega-3 fatty acids and what is the best food source? helps to prevent heart disease by lowering ADL cholesterol, best source is fish What is glucose? monosaccharide, also known as dextrose For a woman of normal weight, what would be the expected rate of weight gain during her pregnancy? 25-35 pounds; 2-4lbs 1st trimester and about 1 lb per week during 2nd and 3rd trimesters What are some good alternatives to the word diet? eating pattern, eating style, the foods you eat In terms of types of carbohydrates, what do Americans need to increase and what do we need to decrease? increase: fiber decrease: added sugar What are our major food sources of protein? seafood, white meat poultry, milk, cheese, yogurt, eggs, lean beef, and soy It has been proven that folate helps to prevent neural tube defects in unborn children. When does a pregnant woman need to consume folate for this full benefit? Pregnant women should start consuming folate before conception and for the first three months of pregnancy In what order are our macronutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrate) used for energy? carbohydrate, fats, proteins What does the term non-nutritive mean? provides minimal or no calories What factors can impair vitamin D synthesis in the body? sunscreen, aging, dense clouds What are 3 types of fats and how do they differ from one another? Saturated fat, poly, mono. Saturated no double bonds, mono one bond, poly multiple bonds When vitamins are used in megadoses, they are considered therapeutic medications. Which vitamin is used in megadoses to help control cholesterol? niacin What food sources are rich in potassium? potatoes, sweet potatoes, bananas, soybeans, apricots What is the upper limit for sodium for adults and what is the primary dietary source of sodium? 2,300 mg/day; processed foods What is anthropometric data? measurement of size and proportions of the human body What are the best sources of monounsaturated fats? canola oil, peanut oil, olive oil In what population are thirst cues delayed to the point where dehydration may have already occurred when they do become thirsty? older adult,