FISDAP EMT Review EXAM 2 |
Study Questions and Answers
The amount of gas in the tidal volume that reaches the alveoli from gas exchange; approximately 350 mL
Alveolar Volume
The amount of gas moved in and out of the respiratory tract in 1 minute
Minute Volume
The amount of gas that reaches the alveoli for gas exchange in one minute
Alveolar minute volume
The amount of air that can be maximally inhaled after a normal inspiration
Inspiratory reserve volume
The amount of air that can be maximally exhaled after normal expiration
Expiration reserve volume Residual volume is described as what?
The amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of maximal expiration
The volume of gas that remains in the lungs at the end of normal expiration
Functional residual capacity
This type of respiration is deep, slow, or rapid, gasping breathing, commonly found in diabetic ketoacidosis
Kussmaul's Respiration's
This type of respiration is progressively deeper, faster breathing alternating gradually with slower breathing, indicating a brain stem
injury
Cheyenne-Stoke respirations
This is an irregular pattern of rate and depth with sudden, periodic
episodes of apnea, indicating increased ICP
Biot's respirations
These are deep, rapid, respirations indicating increased ICP
Central neurogenic hyperventilation Shallow, slow, or infrequent breathing, indicating brain anoxia
Agonal respirations
Long, deep breaths that are stopped during the inspiratory phase and separated by periods of apnea, indicating stroke or severe CNS disease
Apneustic Respirations
What can change CO2 baseline?
Calibration error, water droplet in analyzer and mechanical failure
What causes increase in ETCO2?
Accessing an area of lung previously obstructed, release of tourniquet, sudden increase in blood pressure and ROSC
What causes gradual lowering of ETCO2?
Hypovolemia, decreasing cardiac output, decreasing body temperature; hypothermia; drop in metabolism
What causes a gradual increase in ETCO2?
Rising body temperature, hypoventilation, CO2 absorption, partial airway obstruction; reactive airway disease What are the typical ETT sizes for adults?
Male: 7.5 - 8.0 mm Female: 7.0 - 7.5 mm
You will hear this sound as a result from partial obstruction of the upper airway by the tongue
Snoring
This results from the accumulation of blood, vomitus or other secretions in the upper airway
Gurgling
This is a harsh, high pitched sound heard on inhalation. This is normally associated with laryngeal edema or constriction
Stridor
A musical, squeaking or whistling sound heard in inspiration and/or expiration; associated with bronchiolar constriction
Wheezing
This is diminished or absent breath sounds are an ominous finding and indicate as a serious problem with the airway, breathing or both
Quiet
Study Questions and Answers
The amount of gas in the tidal volume that reaches the alveoli from gas exchange; approximately 350 mL
Alveolar Volume
The amount of gas moved in and out of the respiratory tract in 1 minute
Minute Volume
The amount of gas that reaches the alveoli for gas exchange in one minute
Alveolar minute volume
The amount of air that can be maximally inhaled after a normal inspiration
Inspiratory reserve volume
The amount of air that can be maximally exhaled after normal expiration
Expiration reserve volume Residual volume is described as what?
The amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of maximal expiration
The volume of gas that remains in the lungs at the end of normal expiration
Functional residual capacity
This type of respiration is deep, slow, or rapid, gasping breathing, commonly found in diabetic ketoacidosis
Kussmaul's Respiration's
This type of respiration is progressively deeper, faster breathing alternating gradually with slower breathing, indicating a brain stem
injury
Cheyenne-Stoke respirations
This is an irregular pattern of rate and depth with sudden, periodic
episodes of apnea, indicating increased ICP
Biot's respirations
These are deep, rapid, respirations indicating increased ICP
Central neurogenic hyperventilation Shallow, slow, or infrequent breathing, indicating brain anoxia
Agonal respirations
Long, deep breaths that are stopped during the inspiratory phase and separated by periods of apnea, indicating stroke or severe CNS disease
Apneustic Respirations
What can change CO2 baseline?
Calibration error, water droplet in analyzer and mechanical failure
What causes increase in ETCO2?
Accessing an area of lung previously obstructed, release of tourniquet, sudden increase in blood pressure and ROSC
What causes gradual lowering of ETCO2?
Hypovolemia, decreasing cardiac output, decreasing body temperature; hypothermia; drop in metabolism
What causes a gradual increase in ETCO2?
Rising body temperature, hypoventilation, CO2 absorption, partial airway obstruction; reactive airway disease What are the typical ETT sizes for adults?
Male: 7.5 - 8.0 mm Female: 7.0 - 7.5 mm
You will hear this sound as a result from partial obstruction of the upper airway by the tongue
Snoring
This results from the accumulation of blood, vomitus or other secretions in the upper airway
Gurgling
This is a harsh, high pitched sound heard on inhalation. This is normally associated with laryngeal edema or constriction
Stridor
A musical, squeaking or whistling sound heard in inspiration and/or expiration; associated with bronchiolar constriction
Wheezing
This is diminished or absent breath sounds are an ominous finding and indicate as a serious problem with the airway, breathing or both
Quiet
