Module 1 Practice Questions and Answers Graded A

Module 1 Practice Questions and Answers Graded A What are the most frequently reported maternal medical risk factors? 1 Behaviors and lifestyles 2 Drug use and alcohol abuse 3 Homelessness and lack of insurance 4 Pregnancy-related hypertension and diabetes-related hypertension ANS: 4 Pregnancy-related hypertension and diabetes-related hypertension are the most frequently reported maternal risk factors. Both are associated with obesity. Approximately 20% of US women who give birth are obese. Obesity in pregnancy is associated with the use of increased health care services and longer hospital stays. Both drug and alcohol use continue to increase in the maternal population. These are associated with low-birth-weight infants, cognitive impairment, and birth defects. The number of these patients is increasing; however, these are not the most common risks. Behavior and lifestyle choices contribute to the health of the mother and fetus. The nurse is assessing a patient with menstrual cycle irregularity. While speaking with the patient, the nurse learns the patient is an athlete. What should the nurse suggest to the patient so as to promote a regular menstrual cycle? 1 Increase intake of food and water 2 Undergo aromatherapy treatments 3 Perform aerobic exercise regularly 4 No strenuous exercise for 5 months ANS: 1 An athletic woman who exercises vigorously can develop irregular menstrual cycles. Therefore, the nurse should instruct the patient to increase food and water intake. This would increase the patient's body mass index and possibly restart regular menstrual cycles. Aromatherapy and aerobic exercises are nonpharmaceutical ways to improve pregnancy rates. These would not be immediate approaches for patients facing irregular menstrual cycles. The nurse should not suggest changing exercise regimens or discourage physical exercise. Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:01 / 0:15 Full screen An infant born to a 38-year-old Hispanic patient dies 3 days after birth due to sepsis. On what grounds could the patient have a legitimate case for negligence? 1 The fetal heart rate was inconsistent. 2 The patient could not understand care instructions. 3 The patient was not given the standard level of care. 4 The patient was neglected because of her Hispanic origins. Ans: 3 If a patient is not given the standard level of care, and some kind of harm to the patient results, then she can make a case for negligence. Inconsistent fetal heart rate is not a case for negligence by itself; negligence occurs if care was not provided even after the findings. Not providing care because of cultural differences is a case of racial discrimination, not negligence. If the patient does not understand the care instructions, then the responsibility for negligence lies with the patient. How can the nurse best contribute to the patient's health literacy when providing medication teaching? Select all that apply. 1 Speaking clearly 2 Using simple words 3 Providing written material 4 Referring the patient to a website 5 Reviewing all aspects of the medication ANS: 1, 2 The nurse can best contribute to the patient's health literacy when providing medication teaching by speaking clearly and using simple words followed by assessing whether the patient understood the discussion. Providing written material does not always contribute to the health literacy because most educational materials are written at too high of a level for the average adult. Referring the patient to a website does not offer the opportunity for the nurse to assess the patient's understanding of the information. Focusing on what is important for the patient to understand about the medication alleviates overloading the patient with information rather than reviewing every detail. The nurse is caring for a patient who is newly pregnant and smokes one pack of cigarettes per day. What is important for the nurse to understand prior to providing smoking cessation information? 1 Smoking is linked to preeclampsia. 2 Smoking is related to fetal anemia. 3 Smoking is attributed to gestational diabetes. 4 Smoking can cause intrauterine growth restriction. ANS: 4 Prior to providing smoking cessation information, it is important that the nurse understand that smoking can cause intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) due to its effect on the placental vasculature. Smoking also contributes to low birth weight, prematurity, and IUGR, but it is not directly linked to preeclampsia, fetal anemia, or gestational diabetes. A patient tells the nurse, "I tend to start gaining weight 1 week before my menstrual cycle begins, and my legs become swollen. My breasts also become very painful. What bothers me most is that I argue with my family members when depressed and irritated." What does the nurse conclude from the patient's history? 1 The patient has primary dysmenorrhea. 2 The patient has secondary dysmenorrhea. 3 The patient has premenstrual syndrome (PMS). 4 The patient has premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). ANS: 4 Excess weight gain, edema of the lower limbs, breast tenderness, depressed mood, and irritability that persist for 1 week before the onset of menses indicate PMDD. All these symptoms do not occur together in patients with PMS. Because the patient does not report the occurrence of pain during menses, the patient is unlikely to have primary or secondary dysmenorrhea. What does the comprehensive standardized language developed by the nurses from University of Iowa describe? 1 Details of perinatal patients 2 Interventions by specialist nurses 3 Perinatal terms and complications 4 Beneficial and ineffective care practices ANS: 2 The Nursing Interventions Classification includes a comprehensive standardized language that describes interventions that are performed by generalist or specialist nurses. These interventions are commonly used by maternal child nurses to support the family and provide childbearing and after-birth care. The details of perinatal patients are documented in the medical records. The nurse can use reference books and journals to understand perinatal terms and complications. The Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Database contains studies that evaluate beneficial and ineffective care practices.