USMLE Step 1 Practice Questions and answers 2024/2025

USMLE Step 1 Practice Questions and answers Heterophile ab NEGATIVE Mono-like syndromes - *CMV HHV-6 HIV Toxoplasmosis Wernicke's Aphasia - -word salad: well-articulated, nonsensical speech paired with lack of lang comprehension -aud association cortex: post part of sup temporal gyrus - supplied by MCA Congenital Deficiency of Propionyl CoA Carboxylase - -prevents conversion of propionyl CoA to methylmalonyl CoA -propionyl CoA derived from= val, ile, met, thr, odd # FA, cholesterol side chains -Propionic Acidemia: poor feeding, vomiting, hypotonia, lethargy, dehydration, anion gap acidosis Down Synd Comorbidities - Neuro: MR, early onset Alzheimer's Cardio: complete AV septal defect, VSD, ASD GI: duodenal atresia, hirschprung disease Endo: hypothyroid, DM1, obesity Heme: ALL (> 5 yo) and AML (<5 yo) Rheumatology: atlantoaxial stability MCC of Hypoglycemia in EtOH-ics - Thiamine def= suppression of GNG (pyruvate DH) and TCA cyle (alpha-KG DH) MCC of Hypoglycemia in advanced renal insuff - impaired clearance of insulin Avoid Nitrates in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy bc... - Nitrates decrease preload, which will increase the LV outflow tract... BUT since the ventricle is abnormally shaped, there is an outflow obstruction Mets through BM - Clonal proliferation of cells can invade/ metastasize