WGU Pathophysiology from the study guide 2024

Anabolism - The phase of metabolism where simple substances are made into complex ones. Catabolism - Breakdown of substances into energy Epithelial and connective tissues - what tissues most often develop tumors Papilloma - What type of benign tumor is a wart? (Papilloma, Lipoma, Myoma, Chondroma) Lipoma - What benign tumor begins in the fatty tissue? (Papilloma, Lipoma, Myoma, Chondroma) Myoma - What benign tumor is also called a fibroid? (Papilloma, Lipoma, Myoma, Chondroma) Chondroma - What benign tumor is of cartilage cells? (Papilloma, Lipoma, Myoma, Chondroma) Sarcoma - What type of tumor can be found anywhere and arises from connective tissue? Fevers and night sweats - What are early signs of lymphoma? radiation therapy - Planting seeds into a malignant prostate and irradiating to reduce damage to healthy tissue is called: vesicle - Skin lesion described as a small fluid filled elevation of the skin (eg blister) [vesicle, pustule, macule, papule] pustule - Skin lesion described as an elevation of the skin containing white blood cells and cell debris [vesicle, pustule, macule, papule] macule - Skin lesion described as a spot not raised or depressed (eg freckle) [vesicle, pustule, macule, papule] papule - Skin lesion described as a firm raised area of skin (eg pimple] [vesicle, pustule, macule, papule] excoriation - Skin lesions described as a scratch into the skin. laceration - Skin trauma- rough, jagged wound caused by skin tearing: fissure - Skin trauma- crack in the skin ulcer - skin trauma - sore with disintegration and death of affected tissue superficial burn - Burn involving only the epidermal layer of the skin. Blisters and pain at the burn site. - How do superficial partial thickness burns present? shingles - Painful vesicular lesions caused by varicella. normal treatment is antiviral medications and corticosteroids to decrease pain. superficial - Tissue destruction involving only the epidermal layer of the skin is called: Pruritus and urticarial - What are two signs of allergic skin reactions? They are all autoimmune diseases involving the skin - What do Pemphigus, scleroderma and lupus erythematosus have in common? Disturb equilibrium - What can damage to the semicircular canals in the ears do? Placing a myringotomy tube in the ear - How can otitis media be prevented? Presbycusis - What is age related hearing loss called? Speaking in clear low pitched tones - What can alleviate age -related hearing loss (Presbycusis)? arthrocentesis, laparoscopic repairs, and fixation of screws - What can treatment of joint disorders include? Gout - Form of arthritis described as a higher level of uric acid crystals accumulating in joint Septic arthritis - Form of arthritis that may result from an invasive procedure, organisms carried to the joint by the blood stream. Osteoarthritis - Form of arthritis that may be the results of aging and repeated trauma most often in weight-bearing joints. Rheumatoid arthritis - Form of arthritis described as an inflammation and overgrowth of synovial fluid causing severe pain; joints stiffen and become useless Myasthenia gravis - What can be described as chronic muscular fatigue caused by defect at the neuromuscular junction? By taking antacid medications, and using medications that decrease production of hydrochloric acid. - How can gastroesophageal reflux disease be treated? Chronic pancreatitis - What can be characterized with severe pain and blood tests that show elevated serum amylase? Pancreatitis - What impacts the digestive process by leading to enzyme imbalances? Testing blood serology - How is viral hepatitis identified? Bowel fucntion - What does chronic hepatitis often exhibit changes in? an antigen-antibody reaction - What could arise if an Rh negative patient experiences a second exposure to Rh positive blood? Hemophilia - A bleeding disorder caused by deficiency of a clotting factor. Leukemia - A neoplastic disease characterized by a large increase in white blood cells. Thalassemia - A group of hereditary disorders causing impaired hemoglobin synthesis. Aplastic anemia - A bone marrow failure characterized by a decreased red blood cell production. Vitamin K - What vitamin is required for effective blood clotting? Diet, prescribed diuretics, regular exercise - What are three recommendations for the treatment of hypertension? Shock - What can described as confusion, anxiety, and hypotension? Atrophy - What is described as a decrease in the size of a muscle from disuse? Strains - What is described as pain and stiffness caused by overuse? Sprains - What is described as pain and swelling caused by the tearing of ligaments? Muscular distrophy - What is described as the deterioration of muscles that have intact nerve function? Cramps - What are described as strong, painful muscle contractions? Shoulder joint dislocation - What is described as acutely painful in the arm and chest area and often results in the affected arm being longer than the mate?