Bio 210 lecture exam 2 Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Bio 210 lecture exam 2 Questions and Answers 100% Pass Integumentary system - Answer- consist of skin and its derivatives The integument - Answer- is the skin covering the body the integument - Answer- also known as the cutaneous membrane Dermatology - Answer- its scientific study and treatment of the integumentary system The integument - Answer- the body's largest organ Layers of the skin - Answer- epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer(not considered in the integument) Epidermis - Answer- stratified squamous epithelium Dermis - Answer- deep layer, primarily dense irregular connective tissue Subcutaneous layer - Answer- deep to dermis, Layer of areolar and other connective tissue, hypodermis or superficial fascia, Not part of the integument(true skin) but is still part of integumentary system Thick skin - Answer- on the palms of hands, soles of feet and surfaces of fingers and toes, All five layers of the epidermal strata, Has sweat glands thick skin - Answer- has no hair follicles or sebaceous glands Thin skin - Answer- lacks a stratum lucidum, has sweat glands, hair follicles and sebaceous glands Hemoglobin - Answer- an oxygen binding compound, Bright red color upon binding oxygen, More visible when blood vessels dilate Melanin - Answer- black, brown, tan, yellow-brown shades Melanocytes - Answer- pigment of melanin is produced and stored here UV light - Answer- stimulating melanin production melanin - Answer- darker skinned producing more and dark colored Carotene - Answer- yellow, orange pigment, acquired from yellow-orange vegetables, converted to vitamin A within the body Nevus - Answer- a mole, harmless overgrowth of melanin forming cells Freckle - Answer- yellowish brown spots, represent localized areas of increased melanocyte activity Hemangioma - Answer- skin discoloration due to benign blood vessel tumor Capillary hemangiomas - Answer- usually present at birth and disappear in childhood, strawberry colored birthmarks Cavernous hemangiomas - Answer- may last a lifetime, port-wine stains Friction ridges - Answer- complex arches and whorls on finger, palms, soles, and toes, formed from large folds and valleys of the dermis and epidermis, interlocking of epidermal ridges and dermal papilla, help increase fiction on contact, each individual with unique pattern of these Dermis - Answer- deep to the epidermis, composed of connective tissue Two layersof the dermis - Answer- papillary and reticular layer Lines of cleavage, stretch marks, and wrinkles - Answer- collagen and elastic fibers oriented in parallel bundles Incisions parallel for surgery - Answer- more likely to heal quickly, scarring reduced Incisions perpendicular to cleavage lines for surgery - Answer- more likely to open due to cut elastic fibers, scarring increases Stretch marks - Answer- striae Dermal blood vessels - Answer- supply nutrients to epidermis and dermis, play an important role in body temperature and blood pressure regulation Vasoconstriction - Answer- blood vessel diameters narrowed, look pale when exposed to cold Vasodilation - Answer- blood vessel diameter increased, occurs when needing to loose heat, why people become flushed during exercise Subcutaneous layer - Answer- not considered part of the integument, not the true skin, the layer underneath the skin Functions of the subcutaneous layer - Answer- acts as energy reservoir, provides thermal insulation, drugs often inject here Epidermal derivatives - Answer- nails, hair, exocrine glands derived from epidermal epithelium Hair is found almost everywhere on the body besides - Answer- the hands and palmar surface of fingers, the siders and soles of the feet and toes, the lips, portions of the external genital