AM2 – Epidemiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

AM2 – Epidemiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass Epidemiology - Answer- Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases within populations Endemic - Answer- A disease which is always present in the population eg. footrot Epidemic - Answer- A sharp increase in the incidence and prevalence of a disease above normal levels Outbreak - Answer- A sudden rise in the incidence of a disease Pandemic - Answer- Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population. Necessary causes - Answer- a condition that must be present for the effect to follow Sufficient causes - Answer- A condition that, if present, guarantees the effect in question. Descriptive studies - Answer- a research method that involves observing and describing eg. distrubution of a disease Often require some form of survey Census - Answer- Examination of the whole population Cross-sectional survey - Answer- Records events occuring at a single point in time Longitudional survey - Answer- Records events over a period of time Monitoring - Answer- Making routine observations Surveillance - Answer- A more intensive form of data monitoring Analytical studies - Answer- Looks at characteristics and associations between these and outcomes ie. looks at causes of disease Cross-sectional study - Answer- Looks at prevalence of a condition and relates it to possible risk factors Longitudional (cohort) study - Answer- Follows a group over a period of time and sees which individuals develop disease and which dont - can then be related to characteristics at initial exam Case-control study - Answer- Looks at individuals with a disease and compares them to individuals without that disease - to see differences Group-based studies - Answer- This compares the experience of populations without examining the characteristics of individuals Experimental - Answer- Involves the investigator imposing different treatments on groups Temporal distrubution - Answer- The occurence of cases in relation to time Clinical trials - Answer- Compares efficacy of different treatments for a disease Field trial - Answer- Healthy animals are given a treatment which may prevent disease occurring Intervention study - Answer- A type of clinical trial Spatial distribution - Answer- Geographical distrubution