US and AZ Government Final Exam Study Guide Graded A+

US and AZ Government Final Exam Study Guide Graded A+ Explain the purpose of the English Bill of rights and the magna carta. How were the documents similar? EBR- protect people's rights from the government MC- limited king's powers the british parliament was based on the ideas from these two ancient governments Roman- republic Greek- democrat What was the main weakness regarding the articles of conderation weakened central government what is social contract theory people must give some freedom for protection during the constitutional convention of 1787 how did the NJ plan differ from the VA plan NJ- Equal rep VA- rep by pop what docs were written to gain support for ratification of the constitution Federalist Papers The Dec of indep addresses the concept of natural rights. what are natural rights? Rights every citizen should have regardless the preamble states that all people are sovereign which enlightenment philosopher had the greatest influence on the Dec of Indep John Locke which enlightenment thinker is credited with the idea of having sep branches of gov't Montesquieu why did the anti-federalists want a bill of rights to protect citizens from national government what 3 political ideas about govt did the US borrow from England Limited, order, representative Totalitarian Govt All govt controlled Republican indirect democracy; electing representatives Direct Democracy People directly decide without leaders; council manager, town rep, commission, mayor council Checks and balances system that allows branches to check on ea other federalism separation of national and state power judicial review power of court to determine constitutionality of govt action purpose of us state dept handle foreign affairs what is the role of the Seniority Majority Leader Sets state agenda- most powerful in Senate List and explain roles of President S- state C- commander A- administrator L- legislative E- executive d- diplomat Common topic in Plessy VS Ferguson and Brown V Board Segragation Dual court system two system court of state and natl level Cabinet is in which branch executive which power of congress is the subject of gibbons V ogden interstate commerce How is a member of congress appointed a committee chair person seniority majority how is the president elected 1 Nomination 2 Popular vote 3 Electoral college why was marbury v madison a landmark case created judicial review and gave power to judicial branch where in the constitution can the expressed powers of each branch of govt be found Article 1- Legislative Article 2- Executive Article 3- Judicial explain the importance of mcculloch v maryland established necessary and proper clause; supremacy clause; implied powers in which house of congress do bill pertaining to revenue have to originate? House of represenatives what is the purpose of a joint committee in congress agree on bills explain the supreme court's appellate power authority of court to review discussions of lower courts explain how the electoral college works. why this is sometimes criticized? Need 270 out of 538 to win if not vote belongs to House of Rep; Questioned if it works what is the role of the House of Rep during a presidential impeachment? Senate? HofR- Brings charges Sen- tries impeachment what branch of the US govt largely determines domestic policy executive why does the us constitution require a census every ten years? Determine population and reapportion members of congress how is the presidential candidate chosen for each party electoral college what are some of the regulatory functions of the us govt protect you as a consumer: FDIC, FCC, FDA...etc what is the purpose of the "necessary and proper clause" found in article 1 of the constitution?? elastic clause- stretch and expand powers of the govt what is an expost facto law no retro active punishments explain the amendment process Proposal then ratification. Need 2/3 from House of congress and then 3/4 from house of legislature Amendments 22, 25, 26 22- Term years 25- Presidential Succession 26- Voting age is 18 shield law protect reporters from revealing sources 5 guarantees in first amend. What is the "right to petition the govt to redress grievances" Press, speech, assembly, petition, religion; Right to contact govt officials with concerns Gideon V Wainwright, Mapp V Ohio, Miranda V Arizona right to counsel, exclusionary rule, miranda rights purpose of 5th and 6th amendment Voting- extension of suffrage when can the police conduct without a search warrant? What does the 4th Amendment say about it? probable cause; consent; emergency; hot pursuit; plain view--- protection from unreasonable search and seizure purpose of 13th, 14th, 15th amendments 13- abolish slavery 14- citizenship 15- right to vote Separation of church and state. Which amendment? Government is not allowed to be involved with