LPN Body Structure study guide Chapters 1-7 Accurate Answers 100% Verified.

Dissection - correct answerprocess for learning about the structure of the human body by cutting it apart. Anatomy - correct answerstudy of the structure of an organism an the relationships of its part's. Physiology - correct answerstudy of the function of living organisms and their parts. cells ( atoms), molecules,tissues ( heart muscle tissure,organs ( heart), systems ( skeletal,muscualr,nervous) - correct answer... Cells - correct answerthe smallest living units of structure and function Tissues - correct answeris an organization of many similar cells that act together to perform a common function. Proximal - correct answertowards or nearest the trunk of the body Distal - correct answeraway from the farthest from the trunk or the point of orgin of a body part. medial - correct answertoward the midline of the body. Great toe is at the medial side of the body. anterior - correct answermeans front posterior - correct answerback or back in front of. Sagittal - correct answera sagittal cut or section is a lengthwise plane running from front to back. It divides the body in right and left portions. midsagittal - correct answera cut or plane that divides the body or any of its parts into two equal halves. Frontal - correct answera plane is a length wise plane running from side to side. Transverse - correct answertransverse plane is a horizaontal or crosswide plane. Divides upper and lower portions. What are the two major body cavities? - correct answerDorsal and ventral Thoraicic Cavity - correct answerMediastinum- midportion of thoracic cavity;heart and trachea are located in mediastinum. Pleural cavities- right lung located in right pleural cavity, left lung is in left pleural cavity. Abdominopelvic cavity - correct answerAbdominal cavity contains stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen. Pelvic cavity- contains reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and lower part of intestine. Dorsal - correct answerBrain and spinal cord What are examples of positive feedback? - correct answerCause rapid increases in uterine contractions before the birth of a baby. Sticking together blood cells to form a plug that begins formation of a blood clot. Examples of negative feedback loops - correct answerdecreasing blood oxygen concentration caused by muscles using oxygen during exercise is counteracted by a increase in breathing to bring the blood oxygen level back up to normal. Elements - correct answerare pure subtstances, composed of only one of more than a hundred types of atoms that exist in nature. Molecule - correct answera group of atoms bound together in a group. Compounds - correct answersubstances whose molecules have more that one element. ( not a pure substance) Electrolytes - correct answermolecule that dissociates in water to from individual ions; an ionic compound. Organic compounds - correct answercomposed of molecules that contain carbon- carbon or carbon hydrogen( C-C-C-H) covalent bonds, larger and more complex. what's an example of an organic compound? - correct answerCo2 Inorganic molecules - correct answerdoes not contain carbon What's an example of and inorganic moleucle? - correct answerex. H2O Ionic Bonds - correct answerform when positive and negative ions attract each other because of electrical attractions. Covalent Bonds - correct answerForm when atoms share their energy. They do not easily dissociate in water. ( stronger bond) Acid - correct answerH+> OH-; opposite of base Base - correct answerOH_->H+; also known as alkaline; oppostie of acid. PH - correct answerrelative H+ ion concentration in a solution H+ is meaure of acidic or base solution Structural Proteins - correct answerform structures of the body. examples collegen- fibrous protein that holds many tissues together. Functional Proteins - correct answerparticipate in chemical processes ex. hormones, cell membrane channels, receptors, and enzymes Mitochondria - correct answercomplex, energy- releasing chemical reactions occur. Mitochondria - correct answerEnzymes found in mitochondrial walls and inner substances uses O2 to breakdown glucose and other nutrients to release energy needed for cellular work Ribosomes - correct answerTiny particles my attach to rough ER or lie free in the cytoplasm. Manufacture proteins, often called protein factories and make enzyme and protein compounds. Cilia - correct answerFine hair- like extensions found exposed or free surface on some cells. Move in unison in a wavelike fashion Flagella - correct answerSongle projection extending from cell surfaces. Larger than cilia. example is ''tail'' of sperm cells Golgi apparatus - correct answerTiny flattened sacs stacked near the nucleus. Collect chemicals that move from the smooth ER ''chemical processing and packaging cener'' Nucleus - correct answersimple structure in central portion of cell. controls cell function controls all organelles controls compex process of cell reporduction Nucleolus - correct answerDense region of nuclear material critical in protein formation. Diffusion - correct answersubstances move evenly throughout solution. It is unnecessary to add energy to the system. Filtration - correct answerMovement of water and solutes caused by hydrostatic pressure on one side of membrane Osmosis - correct answerDiffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane in the presence of at least one impermeant solute Examples of Diffusion - correct answerOsmosis and Dialysis Passive Transport - correct answerprocessess is result of movement from a high concentration to a low concentration until equal portions reached. Ex. Diffusion, Osmosis, Dialysis Active Transport - correct answer. Ex. ion pump,phagocytosis, pinocytosis skeletal muscle - correct answeris striated muscle is called voluntary because willied or voluntary control of skeletal muscle contractions is possible. cardiac muscle - correct answerforms the walls of the heart, and the regular but involuntary contractions of cardiac muscle produce the heartbeat. Smooth muscle - correct answeris said to be involuntary because it is not under conscious or willful control. Connective tissue - correct answerconnects tissue to each other