NR 505 ADVANCED RESEARCH METHODS MIDTERM with questions and answers

Paradigm - ans -----a model -behavioral approach -cognitive approach -biological approach -evolutionary approach causes of behavior - ans -----a stimulus -reaction to the environment and genetics assumptions of science - ans ------nature is real (realism) -nature is uniform and regular (determinism: events have causes) AND (probabilistic cause: causes don't have to produce an effect every time to be considered causes) -nature is discoverable psuedoscience - ans ------claim, belief, or practice which presents as scientific, but does not adhere to a valid scientific method, lacks supporting evidence or plausibility, cannot be reliably tested, or otherwise lacks scientific status -anecdotes do not make science -scientific language does not make science -rumors do not equal reality -unexplained is not inexplicable -failures are rationalized -coincidience science defining features - ans -----1. control: precise and systematic manipulation of some part of the world 2. operationalism: our concepts are expressed in terms of the techniques used to measure them 3. replication: a result is only as believable as it is replicable