HESI RN Exit Practice Test 1 Questions and Answers (2024 / 2025) (Verified Answers)

HESI RN Exit Practice Test 1 Questions and Answers (2024 / 2025) (Verified Answers).1. A pregnant woman with hyperemesis gravidarum has been vomiting exces- sively and lab results reveal hypokalemia (serum potassium 3.0 mEq/L). What other abnormalities should the nurse expect to find? A. Peaked T waves and QRS prolongation on EKG B. Decreased PCO2 C. Increased serum bicarbonate D. Decreased serum chloride E. Increased urinary potassium: ANS: C, D Excessive vomiting results in the loss of potassium, chloride, and (stomach) acid. This results in the development of hypokalemic, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. Therefore, lab results will show a rise in bicarbonate levels (Choice C) and low chloride levels (Choice D). Choice A is incorrect because the nurse would expect to see U wave and ST depression on the EKG due to hypokalemia. Peaked T waves and QRS prolongation are signs of hyperkalemia. Choice B is incorrect because the PCO2 will be increased (i.e. the client will be hypoventilating) to compensate for the rise in bicarbonate. Choice E is incorrect because this client is hypokalemic as a result of excess vomiting and not as a result of renal potassium loss. the kidneys will minimize potassium excretion in an attempt to raise serum potassium levels. 2. A clear liquid diet is ordered for a client scheduled for a colonoscopy. Which food selection indicates that teaching has been effective? (Select all that apply) A. Gelatin B. Orange juice with pulp C. Cappuccino D. Tea with honey E. Broth: ANS: A, D, E Clients on clear liquid diet can- as the name implies- only consume clear liquids. No solids are included in this diet. Option A (gelatin), D (tea with honey), and E (broth) are proper choices for a client on a clear liquid diet. Choice B is incorrect because pulp cannot be consumed while on a liquid diet. The client is permitted to drink clear juices such as apple juice or grape juice without pulp. Choice C is incorrect because a cappuccino contains milk, which is not permitted on a clear liquid diet. The client is permitted to drink a cup of dark coffee without milk