OSMT Prep - All Subjects Exam Questions with verified Solutions 2024

OSMT Prep - All Subjects Exam Questions with verified Solutions 2024 During tissue processing, what is the correct sequence of steps ? a) clearing, dehydration, infiltration b) clearing, infiltration, dehydration c) dehydration, infiltration, clearing d) dehydration, clearing, infiltration - answerd) dehydration, clearing, infiltration If a person has A- blood, who can they receive from within the ABO blood group? - answerA-, AB- What is the purpose of fixation? - answerTo stabilize proteins & colloidal material in cells/tissues so that it becomes resistant to change/remains as lifelike as possible Why is pure water neutral on the pH scale? - answerWater has equal amounts of hydrogen and hydroxide atoms, therefore it is able to self ionize. How can the formation of paraformaldehyde be avoided - answerAdditives to formalin such as buffers or methanol What tube would be used to draw blood from a patient being tested for hematocrit? - answerLavender What is a compound fixative? - answerComposed of 2 or more primary fixatives. What is the normal pH of blood? - answer7.35-7.45 How many stool samples must be collected for an ova & parasites exam? Why? - answer3 different samples from 3 different days because parasites can appear sporadically. What is serum used for in culture media? - answerCan either enrich or solidify media. What is inspissation? - answerThe process of denaturing & coagulating serum by heating to 85 Celsius What is basic (nutrient) media? - answerContains common nutritional ingredients to support the growth of non-fastidious organisms. Not normally plate media. What primary basic ingredient provides a carbon & energy source for bacteria growth? - answerCarbohydrates (glucose) Appromixmately how much blood is in a human adult body? - answer5L What is the most common stain used for cytology testing? - answerPAP smear (Papinicolaou's staining technique) What are the four basic types of tissue? - answerEpithelial, connective, muscular, nervous A movement that takes a body part further away from it's central axis is called a(n): - answerAbduction Incomplete, partial hemolysis around bacterial colonies on a growth plate is called: a) Alpha hemolysis b) Beta hemolysis c) Gamma hemolysis - answera) Alpha hemolysis What antiseptic is used to clean the venipuncture site? - answer70% isopropyl alcohol Where are red blood cells produced in a fetus? - answerThe liver What does mean measure? - answerThe average value of numbers within a set What is a chromogen? - answerAdded to media as an indicator by changing the colour of a bacterial colony. What colour would a Gram positive be? - answerpurple-blue What is a buffer system? - answerHelps to maintain a relatively constant pH. Chemical compounds that covert strong acids and bases into weak ones. What dye is used as the primary stain when performing a Gram Stain? - answerCrystal/Gentian Violet What is a blastoconidia? - answerBuds/ 'daughter cells' of yeasts. They can extend to form a chain-like structure called pseudohyphae. What is added to MacConkey plate media to make it selective? - answerCrystal violet and bile salts inhibit the growth of gram positive bacteria What is a protozoa? - answerSingle-celled & microscopic, can infect most body sites. What is agglutination? - answerClumping/aggregation of cells as a result of a reaction with a specific antibody. Why would a sputum sample be collected? - answerTo help determine the presence of microorganisms that can cause respiratory diseases. (bronchitis, pneumonia, TB) What is the decolourizer used in the PAP stain? - answerAcid Alcohol What are the two types of cardiac cells? - answerMechanical and electrical (pacemaker) cells What type of microorganisms require live cell media? - answerViruses (they need a live host in order to multiply) What is a helminth? - answerParasitic worm that commonly infects the GI tract. Why is starch commonly found in antimicrobial sensitivity testing media? - answerAbsorbs toxic by-products of bacteria that can interfere with the growth of other bacteria/sensitivity testing. What plate media would be used to isolate gonorrhea & meningitis? - answerThayer-Martin Why is the Geimsa stain required for specimens containing potential Chlamydia bacteria? - answerChlamydia lacks a cell wall, therefore if Gram stain is performed, results will always show up as Gram negative. What is the purpose of immunoassay testing? - answerDetects low levels of antigens Why must sterile distilled water be used for culture media? - answerImpurities in non- sterile water may inhibit bacterial growth In culture media, how are bile salts used as a selective agent? - answerBile emulsifies fat, which means it will inhibit most Gram positive bacteria. Only allows for the growth of Gram negative bacteria. What is a titer? - answerA serial dilution of a liquid sample to help determine the approximate level of antibodies present in the sample. Name 4 reasons for ordering a wound culture. - answer1. failure to heal 2. signs of infection 3. discharge 4. nonrespondent to antobiotic therapy What type of bacteria require a ZN Stain? - answerMycobacterium species (acid fast bacteria)