NCLEX RN 2024 CASE STUDIES. OVER 50 BEST CASE SCENARIOS WITH SOLUTIONS

NCLEX RN 2024 CASE STUDIES. OVER 50 BEST CASE SCENARIOS WITH SOLUTIONS Which of the following assessment findings could the nurse see in a patient with parkinsonism? (Select all that apply.) a. An abrupt onset of symptoms b. Muscle rigidity c. Involuntary tremors d. Bradykinesia e. Bilateral muscle weakness - Answer - b. Muscle rigidity c. Involuntary tremors d. Bradykinesia A patient is receiving carbidopa-levodopa for parkinsonism. What should the nurse know about this drug? a. Carbidopa-levodopa may lead to hypertension. b. Carbidopa-levodopa may lead to excessive salivation. c. Dopaminergic and anticholinergic therapy may lead to drowsiness and sedation. d. Dopaminergics and anticholinergics are contraindicated in patients with glaucoma. - Answer - d. Dopaminergics and anticholinergics are contraindicated in patients with glaucoma. The nurse has initiated teaching for a family member of a patient with Alzheimer's disease. The nurse realizes more teaching is needed if the family member makes which statement? a. As the disease gets worse, the memory loss will get worse. b. There are several theories about the cause of the disease. c. Personality changes and hostility may occur. d. It may take several medications to cure the disease. - Answer - d. It may take several medications to cure the disease. A patient is taking rivastigmine (Exelon). The nurse should teach the patient and family which information about rivastigmine? a. That hepatotoxicity may occur b. That the initial dose is 6 mg t.i.d. c. That GI distress is a common side effect d. That weight gain may be a side effect - Answer - c. That GI distress is a common side effect 5.Which is a nursing intervention for a patient taking carbidopa-levodopa for parkinsonism? a. Encourage the patient to adhere to a high-protein diet. b. Inform the patient that perspiration may be dark and stain clothing. c. Advise the patient that glucose levels should be checked with urine testing. d. Warn the patient that it may take 4 to 5 days before symptoms are controlled. - Answer - b. Inform the patient that perspiration may be dark and stain clothing. What would the nurse teach a patient who is taking anticholinergic therapy for parkinsonism? (Select all that apply.) a. Avoid alcohol, cigarettes, and caffeine. b. Relieve dry mouth with hard candy or ice chips. c. Use sunglasses to reduce photophobia. d. Urinate 2 hours after taking the drug. e. Receive routine eye examinations. - Answer - a. Avoid alcohol, cigarettes, and caffeine. A patient is taking rivastigmine (Exelon) to improve cognitive function. What should the nurse teach the patient/family member to do? (Select all that apply.) a. Rise slowly to avoid dizziness. b. Remove obstacles from pathways to avoid injury. c. Closely follow the drug dosing schedule. d. Have frequent checks for hypertension. e. Receive regular liver function tests. - Answer - a. Rise slowly to avoid dizziness. b. Remove obstacles from pathways to avoid injury. c. Closely follow the drug dosing schedule. Your client has a fracture of the radius. There is swelling at the injury site and the client complains of pain in the area. Which stage of bone healing do these signs and symptoms represent? a. Cellular proliferation b. Inflammatory c. Ossification d. Callus formation - Answer - b. Inflammatory During the inflammatory phase, bleeding occurs at the area of injury and results in a hematoma. Why plus I was rushed to the area of injury to begin to debride the dead cells. The patient will experience pain during this phase. Cellular proliferation occurs after approximately 5 days, when the interrupted blood supply is recreated and fibrin strands begin to form. The callus formation stage takes about 3 to 4 weeks, while the ossification stage may take as long as 3 to 4 months. Remodeling of the bone may take months to years.