RD Exam - Medications + Functions + Side Effects + Interactions Questions and Answers 100% Pass

RD Exam - Medications + Functions + Side Effects + Interactions Questions and Answers 100% Pass What is megestrol acetate (megace)? - Answer- **appetite stimulant used to treat weight loss + loss of appetite in people w/ AIDS and various cancers What is dextroamphetamine? What are its side effects? - Answer- **appetite suppressant **causes anorexia, nausea, weight loss How does orlistat work? - Answer- **decreases fat absorption This medicine must be used together with a reduced-calorie diet. What is marinol (dronabinol)? - Answer- **appetite stimulant a synthetic THC, which has been found to relieve the n/v associated with chemotherapy for cancer patients and to assist with loss of appetite with AIDS patients What is Ritalin (methylphenidate)? - Answer- **central nervous system stimulant used to treat ADD, ADHD, and narcolepsy (sleeping disorder) What are the side effects of methylphenidate (Ritalin)? - Answer- **causes anorexia, nausea, weight loss stimulant for ADHD, narcolepsy (sleeping disorders) What are statins? - Answer- **used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood What is another name for statins and what do they decrease/increase? - Answer- **aka HMG CoA reductase inhibitors **decrease LDL and TG; increase HDL How do statins work? - Answer- Statins inhibit an enzyme called HMG-CoA reductase, which controls cholesterol production in the liver. The medicine blocks the enzyme, thereby slowing down the cholesterol production process What should be avoided when taking certain statins? - Answer- Alcohol should be avoided as it can increase the risk of liver damage. Grapefruit juice should be limited to less than 1 qt/day (specifically those on lovastatin, atorvastatin, and simvastatin), as large amounts of grapefruit juice increase levels of these statins in the body and increase the risk of side effects. What is the side effect of chemotherapy? - Answer- malabsorption What is cholestyramie used for + how does it work? - Answer- **hypercholesterolemia; known as a bile acid-binding resin. may also be used to treat severe itching (pruritus) in people with too much bile acid caused by a certain type of liver/bile duct disease (partial biliary obstruction). it works by removing bile acid from the body. What is the side effect of mineral oil and cholestyramine? - Answer- decreased absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins (A,D,E,K) What are glucocorticoids? - Answer- anti-inflammatory agent to fight inflammation caused by many immune system disorders. include: prednisone, dexamethasone, and hydrocortisone What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? - Answer- protein deficits/deficiency What is the side effect of oral contraceptives? - Answer- decreases in folate, vitamin B6 and vitamin C What is the significance of loop diuretics? - Answer- **primarily used to treat hypertension and edema often due to CHF or renal insufficiency How do loop diuretics work? - Answer- **designed to eliminat