CARDIAC HURST REVIEW Question And Answer.

what is the amount of blood returning to the right side of the heart and the muscle stretched that the volume causes correct answer - preload what is released when we have muscle stretched correct answer - ANP what is the pressure in the aorta and peripheral arteries that the left ventricle has to pump against to get the blood out correct answer - afterload what is the amount of blood pumped out of the ventricles with each beat correct answer - stroke volume what is dependent of adequate cardiac output correct answer - tissue perfusion less volume =correct answer - decreased CO more volume =correct answer - increased CO what 2 types of meds reduce preload correct answer - diuretics & nitroglycerin what 4 types of meds reduce afterload correct answer - ace inhibitors ARBS hydralazine nitrates what type of med improves contractility correct answer - inotropes what 3 types of meds control heart rate correct answer - beta blockers calcium channel blockers digoxin what type of med controls heart rhythmcorrect answer - amiodarone what are 3 arrhythmias that are always a big dealcorrect answer - asystole pulseless vtach v fib what is the most common type of cardiovascular diseasecorrect answer - coronary artery disease what med causes venous and arterial dilationcorrect answer - nitroglycerin how many nitros do you take and for how many dosescorrect answer - 1 every 5 min for 3 doses what is a normal side effect of nitro tabletcorrect answer - headache after a nitro tablet what do you expect the BP to do?correct answer - decrease what do beta blockers do to BP, P and myocardial contractilitycorrect answer - decrease it what do calcium channel blockers do to the BP?correct answer - decrease it what are 2 benefits of calicum channel blockers?correct answer - decrease afterload increase O2 to heart muscle p before a cardiac cath, what do you ask for allergies for?correct answer - shellfish and iodine what function do you check pre procedure for cardiac cath?correct answer - kidney function post precedure for cardiac cath, what are you watching for at puncture site?correct answer - bleeding and hematoma formation assess the extremity distal to the puncture site for a cardiac cath for what 5 P'S?correct answer - pulslessness paloor pain parestehsia paralysis post cath procedure, position the client how?correct answer - flat, extremity straight for 4-6 hours if there is pain post cath procedure what do you do ?correct answer - report pain ASAP if the post procedure cath patient is on metformin, how long do you hold the medicine for post procedure?correct answer - 48 hours because we are worried about kidneys what is defined as decreased blood floow to myocardium leading to ischemia and necrosiscorrect answer - acute coronary syndrome