Lymphedema Self Test Questions With Complete Solutions

Lymphedema Self Test Questions With Complete Solutions Lymphedema - answer-swelling of a body part -the result of the abnormal accumulation of protein rich edema fluid in interstitium which leads to inflammation, which leads to reactive fibrosis -immune dysfunction -it's a mechanical insufficiency of the lymphatic system CDT - answerComplete Decongestive Therapy treatment for Lymphedema 1) MLD 2) compression bandages and garments 3) remedial exercises 4) skin and nail care 5) self care education Difference between primary and secondary lymphedema - answerprimary is the result of lymphatic dysplasia and may present at birth, but more often develops later in life, the cause is unknown and it is inherited; secondary usually develops after surgery, radiation, trauma, and causes are usually known, can also be self induced, immobility, and cancer What are lymphedema praecox and tarda - answerPraecox is when primary lymphedema presents before the age of 35, tarda is when it presents after the age of 35 Causes of secondary lymphedema - answer1. radiation *most common 2. surgery * most common (oncologic, coronary bypass, ortho procedures, liposuction, lipectomy, etc) 3. trauma 4. filariasis 5. cancer (malignant lymohedema) 6. infection 7. self induced (artificial or ficticious) 8. CVI 9. iatrogenic (physician induced) 10. obesity (dependency) Treatments that exist for lymphedema (historical and gold standard) - answerGold standard is CDT. 2 phase therapy (Intensive and Maintenance). 1) MLD 2) compression bandages and garments 3) remedial exercises 4) skin and nail care 5) self care education Historical are: 1. limb elevation 2. drug therapy (diuretics, benzopyrones) 3. elastic compression garments 4. pneumatic compression pumps- 5. surgery (various types) ex Radical Charles Procedure (Reduction debulking procedure), Staged Excision, Microsurgical Reconstructive Operations, Liposuction. Cellulitis and Erysipelas - answerCellulitis = is an infection in or close to the skin, it requires antibiotic treatment. Erysipelas= is an infectious skin disease characterized by redness, swelling, vesicles, bullae, fever, pain, and lymphadenopathy. It is caused by a species of group A, beta-hemolytic streptococci. Treatment includes antibiotics, analgesics, and packs or dressings applied locally to the lesions. Most common cause of lymphedema occurrence worldiwde - answeran infection known as filariasis which is caused by a mosquito borne parasite Why is skincare so important for lymphedema patients - answerto prevent infection such as cellulitis, List contraindications for MLD- (general and regarding neck treatment) - answerGeneral: 1. Cardiac edema 2. acute infection such as strep and staph 3. renal failure 4. acute bronchitis 5. acute DVT 6. Malignancies - Pt does not have active POC yet 7. bronchial asthma 8. HTN Regarding the Neck: 1. hypersensitive carotid sinus syndrome 2. hyperthyroidism 3. cardiac arrhythmia 4. > 60 yo may have increased risk atherosclerosis in the neck arteries Regarding the abdomen: 1. pregnancy 2. Dysmenorrhea 3. Illeus 4. diverticulitis 5. Aortic Aneurysm 6. Recent abdominal surgery 7. DVT 8. Inflammatory conditions of small and large intestine (Crohn's ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis) 9. Radiation fibrosis, radiation cystitis, radiation colitis 10. unexplained pain