Mental Health HESI UPDATED EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

Which characteristic is commonly associated with adolescent depression? (Select all that apply.) A. Exercising daily B. Having suicidal ideation C. Exhibiting tearfulness D. Having poor muscle tone E. Avoiding previously enjoyed activities and relationships - correct answerB. Having suicidal ideation C. Exhibiting tearfulness E. Avoiding previously enjoyed activities and relationships Which characteristic of adolescence is exemplified by risk-taking behavior without fear of consequences? A. Animism B. Personal fable C. Imaginery audience D. Sense of invulnerability - correct answerD. Sense of invulnerability A client does not take their medication regularly and is depressed. Which inference can the nurse make about the client's motivational level? A. Not motivated B. Intrinsically motivated C. Extrinsically motivated with self-determination D. Extrinsically motivated without self-determination - correct answerA. Not motivated Which action would the nurse take for a withdrawn client who suddenly screams, bursts into tears, and runs from the room to the far end of the hallway? A. Walk to the end of the hallway where the client is standing B. Accept the action as the impulsive behavior of a sick person C. Ask another client in the dayroom why the client acted in this way D. Document objectively the incident in the client's record immediately - correct answerA. Walk to the end of the hallway where the client is standing This lets the client know that the nurse is available. It also demonstrates an acceptance of the client. Which consistent approach would the nurse use for a client diagnosed with an antisocial personality disorder? A. Warm and firm without being punitive B. Indifferent and detached but nonjudgemental C. Confidentiality acquiescent to client demands D. Clearly communicative of personal disapproval - correct answerA. Warm and firm without being punitive Which technique would be appropriate for clients who exhibit mild neurocognitive impairment? A. Reality orientation B. Behavioral confrontation C. Reflective communication D. Reminiscence group therapy - correct answerA. Reality orientation Which characteristic is most essential for the nurse to have in caring for clients with mental health disorders? A. Empathy B. Sympathy C. Organization D. Authoritarianism - correct answerA. Empathy Empathy - understanding and, to some extent, sharing the emotions of another- encourages the expression of feelings. Sympathy, or feeling sorry for someone, may further decrease the client's feelings of self-worth. Which stage is a terminally ill client displaying by gradually moving towards resolution of feelings about impending death according to Kubler-Ross' theory of death and dying? A. Anger stage B. Denial stage C. Bargaining stage D. Acceptance stage - correct answerD. Acceptance stage When acceptance is reached. the individual is beginning to withdraw from life; communication is simple, concise, and most often nonverbal. Kubler-Ross' research has shown that at this stage, verbal communication is typically less important, and touch and presence are most important. The client has moved past the anger, denial, and bargaining stages. Which action would the nurse take for a client with an obsessive-compulsive disorder who continually walks up and down the hall, touching every other and becomes upset if interrupted? A. Distract the client, which will help the client forget about touching the chairs. B. Encourage the client to continue touching the chairs as long as the client wants until fatigue sets in C. Remove chairs from the hall, thereby relieving the client of the necessity of touching every other one D. Allow the behavior to continue for a specified time, letting the client help set the time limits to be imposed - correct answerD. Allow the behavior to continue for a specified time, letting the client help set the time limits to be imposed Place the five stages of grievingidentified and described by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross in order of progression from first to last. 1. Anger 2. Denial 3. Depression 4. Acceptance 5. Bargaining - correct answer2. Denial 1. Anger 5. Bargaining 3. Depression 4. Acceptance Which assessment finding would the nurse observe in a client with bipolar disorder, manic phase? A. Constant singing B. Ritualistic behavior C. Flat affect D. Apathetic demeanor - correct answerA. Constant singing Which reason would be likely for a client's anger and acting out when the nurse interrupts the hand- washing ritual of a client with obsessive-compulsive disorder? A. Has overwhelming feelings of anxiety B. Resents the nurse's authoritarian manner C. Is clashing with the nurse's personality D. Reflects and aggressive characteristic - correct answerA. Has overwhelming feelings of anxiety Which response would the nurse make to a client who says, 'I feel so guilty. None of this makes any sense. Everyone must really think I'm crazy,' after performing a complex ritual? A. 'Your behavior is bizarre, but it serves a useful purpose.' B. 'You're concerned about what other people are thinking about you.' C. 'I am sure people understand that you can't help this behavior right now.' D. 'Guilt serves no useful purpose. It just helps you stay stuck where you are.' - correct answerB. 'You're concerned about what other people are thinking about you.' Which characteristic of clients with antisocial personality disorder would the nurse consider when planning care? A. Engages in many rituals B. Is a perfectionist C. Exhibits lack of empathy for others D. Possesses limited communication skills - correct answerC. Exhibits lack of empathy for others At which stage of Kohlberg's theory does an individual want to fulfill the expectations of one's immediate group? A. Good boy-nice orientation B. Society-maintaining orientation C. Instrumental relativist orientation D. Universal ethical principle orientation - correct answerA. Good boy-nice orientation The good boy-good girl orientation stage involves an individual who wants to win the approval and maintain the expectations of one's immediate group. During the society-maintaining orientation stage, an individual expands focus from a relationship with others to societal concerns. The instrumental relativist orientation stage involves a child who wants to follow parental rules. the universal ethical principle orientation stage defines "right" by the decision of conscience according to self-chosen ethical principles. Which side effect would the nurse monitor for in a severely depressed client who received electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)? A. Loss of appetite