ATSC 113 Final Exam Review Learning Goals Exam Questions with Correct Answers

ATSC 113 Final Exam Review Learning Goals Exam Questions with Correct Answers 1b. Recognize and explain special clouds: Lenticular - Answer--Mountain waves -Strong winds across mountains -Look like little disks/UFOs -Wind oscillations, may indicate mountain wind turbulence 1b. Recognize and explain special clouds: Rotor - Answer--Strong winds across mountains -Ragged-looking, form at low altitude under crests of mountain wave -Indicate BIG HAZARD 1b. Recognize and explain special clouds: Banner - Answer--Strong winds across mountains -Like a banner blowing off the mountain -Indicate strong turbulence, usually only on an isolated peak 1b. Recognize and explain special clouds: Pyrocumulus - Answer--Extra heat -Form over a big fire or volcano -Heat and moisture so strong it can make a thunderstorm 1b. Recognize and explain special clouds: Pileus - Answer--Updrafts -Looks like a little hat over cumulus -Form over fast-growing cumulus clouds 1b. Recognize and explain special clouds: Fractus (scud) - Answer--Low altitude turbulence -Ragged and at low altitude -Turbulent humid air near the ground, indicate high humidity and strong winds 1b. Recognize and explain special clouds: Fumulus - Answer--Man-made -Above smokestacks -Water droplets condense over cooling towers 1b. Recognize and explain special clouds: Contrails - Answer--Man-made -Trails behind aeroplanes -From wing-tip vortices on aeroplanes 1c. Relate cloud coverage amounts to the visual appearance of the sky - Answer--0/8 → Sky clear, nothing (code: SKC) -1/8, 2/8 → Few clouds, small trails (code: FEW) -3/8, 4/8 → Scattered, large gaps (code: SCT) -5/8, 6/8, 7/8 → Broken, small gaps (code: BKN) -8/8 → Overcast, no gaps (code: OVC) *Notes: •Cloud/sky covered measured by eighths of the sky covered, or oktas •Flying at altitude just above or just below the level of clouds make them appear to have more coverage than they actually do 1d. Define the cloud ceiling, estimate its altitude, and relate it to cloud coverage amounts - Answer-- Clouds that cover more than half the sky create a cloud ceiling, constraints VFR pilots to fly below it and - When ground visibility is very poor, referred to as vertical visibility - IFR pilots are still concerned with ceilings, to be able to approach airport with sufficient time to plan a landing -Can estimate cloud ceiling using known landmarks such as mountains, pole or tree tops