MARITIME WARFARE MOST IMPORTANT EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (DIAGRAMS INCLUDED)

What are the different types of Naval Guidance Systems? Common Guidance Active Terminal Homing Semi Active Terminal Homing What is common guidance? -All guidance commands, come from sources outside the weapon in order to get it to a Intercept Point. launch platform sends continuous commands and instructions to receiver inside the weapon that guides it to the target Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:00 Full screen What is active terminal homing? the weapon contains a radar that performs search and acquisition by receiving returning echos from the target and tracking the position as it traveled along the path of transmitted energy -internal computer calculate a course to intercept the target and send steering commands to the weapon pilot what is semi active terminal homing? the target is illuminated by a fire control radar or electro-optical sensor from the launching platform. the weapon uses a receiver to formulate an in-flight correction based off the reflected radar energy from the target what is passive terminal homing? It depends on the target for a source of tracking energy -noise radiation homing -anti radiation homing -infrared What are the weapon designators for launch environments: A B C F G H L M P R S U •A - Air •B - Multiple •C - Coffin •F - Individual •G - Runway •H - Silo stored •L - Silo launched •M - Mobile •P - Soft pad •R - Ship •S - Space •U - Underwater What are the weapon designators for the basic missions? C D E G I L M N S T U W • C - Cargo/ transport • D - Decoy • E - Electronic or communication • G - Surface attack • I - Intercept aerial or space • L - Launch detection or surveillance • M - Scientific/ calibration • N - Navigation • S - Space support • T - Training • U - Underwater attack • W - Weather What are the weapon designators for the vehicle types? B M N Q R S •B - Booster •M - Guided missile or drone •N - Probe •Q - Drone •R - Rocket •S - Satellite What is a CIWS? Close in Weapon System Self Defense against air threats Short range automatically detects, evaluates, tracks, engages, and performs kill assessment against Anti-ship missiles and high speed aircraft threats What is the primary mission of a Ticonderoga Class CG? Air and Missile defense, anti-submarine warfare, BMD -Has 2 MH-60R What is the primary mission of Arleigh Burke Class DDGs? Air and Missile defense, anti-submarine warfare, BMD -Has 2 MH-60R ***Flight 1 ***Flight 2 has improved gun systems ***Flight 2A has added helo hangers, upgraded AEGIS, removed service crane What is the primary mission of Zumwalt Class DDGs? Multi mission- specializes in land attack and littoral dominance. Intelligence, logistics, mine warfare What is the primary mission of Freedom Class LCSs? -Surface Warfare -Anti-Submarine Warfare -Mine Warfare -Capable of ASUW and AMD for self defense organically What is the primary mission of Independence Class LCSs? -Surface Warfare -Anti-Submarine Warfare -Mine Warfare -Capable of SUW and AMD for self defense organically What is the primary mission of the Nimitz class CVN? strike warfare, S&R, surveillance What are the different levels of authority in Command and Control? Combatant Commander (COCOM) Operational Control (OPCON) Tactical Control (TACON) Support What are the 3 principles of CWC? Centralized Planning Decentralized Execution Command by Negation Who is the OTC? Officer in Tactical Command (AA) Who is the CWC? Composite Warfare Commander (BV) Who are the warfare commanders? AMDC- Air and Missile Defense Commander (W/C) IWC- Information Operations Warfare Commander ( Q/E) STWC- Strike Warfare Commander (P/K) SCC- Sea Combat Commander (Z) What two warfare commanders are under the sea combat commander if needed? ASWC- Anti-Submarine Warfare Commander (S/T) SUWC- Surface Warfare Commander (X/Y) What is the Navy fleet organizational structure? POTUS SECDEC CJCS Geographic Combatant Command Navy Component Command Number Fleet Cdr Task Force (derives from # fleet) Task Group (individual CSG in a fleet) Task Unit (ex. air defense unit with a CVN) Task Element What is an OPORD? Operations Order- directive issued by the operational commander to subordinate commanders What is an OPTASK? Operational Tasking- the guidelines for operational conduct What is a DIMS? Daily Intentions Message- message with immediate impact on operations, released by OTC, warfare, and functional commanders Who is the JFMCC? The Joint Force Maritime Component Commanders is the Joint Force Commanders maritime warfighter What are the four ways to monitor a communication net? 1. Guard; listening and ready to transmit. Log of all comms 2. Cover; listening but may not be ready to transmit. Log of all coms 3. Copy; listening but not close to transmitting. Log of 4. Listen; only logging required on transmissions to or from your station What is the BEADWINDOW procedure? •Real-time procedure used to alert circuit operators of an unauthorized disclosure over a non-secured circuit •Additionally, warns other operators on net of the disclosure What is the CIC? Combat Information Center What are the four conditions of readiness in CIC? Condition IV: Peacetime cruising. Only necessary ppl on watch. No weapons manned. Engineering plant ready for speeds as ordered. Surface lookouts. CIC manned sufficiently Condition III: Wartime Cruising. Man a limited number of weapons systems. Need capabilites to repel an urgent attack. Condition II: Modified GQ. Usually tied to a specific warfare area. Manning increased but depends on ship. Increased awareness but not full watchstanding burden Condition I: General Quarters. Manning of all systems, sensors, damage control. Who is the TAO and what's their job? CO's direct representative in CIC for matters concerning the tactical employment and defense of the unit. Responsible for safe and effective ops of combat systems Who is the CICWO and what's their job? CIC Watch Officer; -supervises the operations of CIC, make sure logs are maintained, all plots are correct and current, voice circuits are manned, prepared to execute SAR, advises OOD *reports all landfall, hazardous navigational tracks, etc. Who is the CSOOW and what's their job? Combat Systems Officer OF THE WATCH; assists TAO in managing combat systems equipment. Maintenance and repair of Combat Systems equipment *manages CS casualities Who is the CSC and what's their job? Combat Systems Coordinator *tactical and technical bridge --- technical evolution coordinator for all Combat Systems and Weapons equipment. Communicates directly with the EOOW for engineering casualties and DCA Who's on the EW Watch Team? -EW Supervisor; analyzes EW reports and provides info to TAO -EW Operator; operating the SLQ-32 and electronc counter measure devices Who is the AAWC? "Air" or Air Warfare Coordinator; maintains and reports the air picture, makes recs to TAO and Air Missile Defense Warfare Commander (W/C) What are the different kinds of Electronic Warfare? Electronic Attack Electronic Warfare Support Electronic Protection What is electromagnetic Interference (EMI)? -disturbance that interrupts, obstructs, or degrades the performance of electronics/ equipment -naturally occuring (solar flares, thunderstorms) -man made (background noise from transmitters, power generation, electrical controllers, oscillators) What is IFF? Identification Friend or Foe; the system that ships and stations use to identify friendly aircraft and ships. How does IFF work? the ship or station desiring to know whether an approaching aircraft is friendly sends out a special electronic signal in the direction of the aircraft via the IFF interrogator. The signal triggers an electronic response from an IFF transponder within the challenged aircraft. This response signal, in turn, generates a read out on the Remote Control Indicator (RCI) within CIC. This information when used in conjunction with kinematic criteria contained within the OPTASK ID Supplement facilitates CIC watchstanders making an evaluation of the identification of a track along. What are the different modes of IFF? What is NTDS/CDS? Naval Tactical Data System and Combat Direction System; -Receives data from ship's sensors and other ships using tactical data links -uses high speed computers, displays, comms, and programs What is TDL? Tactical Data Link; •a Joint Chief of Staff (JCS) approved and standardized communications link used for transmitting tactical data among military platforms •TDLs provide encrypted, near real-time information -Includes information on friendly units and status of weapons engagements Who are the functional group commanders? What is Link-11? - exchange tactical digital information between airborne, land-based, submarine, and shipboard tactical data systems -one Net Control Station (NCS) in the middle who is the node providing information to all participants. PU's are units designated by OPTASK to transmit and receive tactical information in roll call mode Uses HF and UHF What is LINK-16? A nodeless data link used to exchanged tactical data among airborne, land based, and shipboard tactical data systems -Provides technical and operational enhancements such as frequency hopping, jam resistant secure voice, and increased security over Link 11 (won't ever completely replace) Ues time division multiple access to pre-assign time slots in which ships will transmit and receive data (each slot is 7.8125 secs) 1. One unit is the Net Time Reference (NTR) that assigned per network. JUs are the units communicating on it -51 frequencies available - two voice channels What is CEC (comms) Cooperative Engagement Capability; used to help tie together the combat systems of our ships CEC units maintain a composite track What are the four phases of Surface Action? 1. Preparation; review and conduct planning 2. Detection, Identification, and Target Assignment surveillance, develop maritime picture, manage battle space 3. Long-Range Engagement; air and submarine long range attacks 4. Short- Range Engagement; detach a Surface Action group for short range SSM, guns, torpedo attacks What is OTH-T? Over The Horizon Targeting What are the general mission assignments of Air Warfare? Area Defense Point Defense Self Defense At what point do we shoot down BMD's in their flight path? Midcourse Phase What are the advantages and disadvantages of anti -submarine warfare? What is the minimum manning for VBSS? -(2) Personnel formally trained to conduct Non-Compliant Boarding (NCB) -(5) Personnel formally trained in Advance Security Reaction Force -(2) Boarding Officers (BO) •Formal school requirement -(1) LNO •Formally Trained in Maritime Security and Intelligence Operations -(2) Mechanical Breachers •PQS, no formal school -(1) RHIB Crew what platforms provide air defense? What is in a Carrier Strike Group? CVN, DDG, CG, SSN,--- MH-60R/S, E-2, EA-18G, FA-18, F-35 What is in an expeditionary strike group? LHD, LHA, LPD, LSD What are the four things needed for LINK 11? Net Control Station (NCS) Data Link Reference Point (DLRP) Grid Reference Unit (GRU) Participating Unit (PU) What is an ADU? Air Defense Unit, CG and DDG What is an ACU? Air Control Unit, Hawkeye E-2 What is DCA? Defense Counter Aircraft, aka the F-18 What are the three types of Air Warfare? Area—a whole area is covered (CG/DDG) Self Defense—self (all except LCS/MCM) Point Defense—defense of a unit (CG/DDG) What is the threat sector and threat axis? Threat Sector: Area where we most expect the threat to come from Threat Axis: Single axis along which we expect our attack to take place, from the HVU to the threat What are the engagement zones? MEZ: Missile Engagement Zone, where the missile engages the target, is in charge of engagement JEZ: Joint Engagement Zone, where both missiles and fighter jets can engage the target FEZ: Fighter Engagement Zone: Where jets do the engaging/fighting of the target What are the advantages of US Navy BMD? Multi-mission capable Flexible geography Limited Logistical requirements Search, track, and engage capability What are the four requirements for BMD? Defended Area Launch Area Denied Type of Missile Ship's Maneuvering Area What are the four pillars of BMD? Passive Defense Active Defense Attack Operations C4I What are the advantages / disadvantages of Passive vs. Active Sonar? Passive: Listening only, detection of sound emitted by target itself, can only receive bearing from this information, Adv: Covert, long distance ranges Dis: Bearing Error, Lengthy Target Motion Analysis Active: transmit in water and listen for reflected echo, tells you bearing, range, speed, course, etc. of target. Adv: Good against diesel threats, more able to detect small, passively undetectable targets. Ideal for localization Dis: Extremely Overt, frequency management must be evaluated, ROE may be an issue, Sound Propagation Paths What are some Non-ship, Non-Aircraft, USW assets? Sonobuoys Torpedoes TACTAS (tactical towed array SONAR) and MFTA (multi-function towed array How do we classify mines? Actuation Method Delivery Method Position in Water What are some uses of NSFS? Destruction: Destroying target's combat readiness Neutralization: Renders a target temporarily ineffective or unusable Suppression: Degrading weapons system performance so that system cannot meet mission objectives Interdiction: Preventing use of an area Harassing: Disturbing rest, curtailing movement, lowering morale Illumination: Providing enough light to silhouette a target What are the four ways to monitor a net? GCCL Guard Cover Copy Listen What weapons do we use for Surface Action? Sm-2, SM-6 5 inch Harpoon 25mm CIWS