Human Growth and Development Clep Practice Test Questions and Answers Graded A 2024

The first negative emotion clearly exhibited during infancy is: A) fear B) shame C) guilt D) distress E) jealousy - D) distress According to behavioral psychologists, which of the following treatments is most likely to extinguish disruptive behavior in preschool children? A) Threatening to isolate them immediately after such behavior. B) Ignoring them so that they do not receive the reinforcement they are seeking. C) Punishing them immediately so they understand what they did wrong. D) Discouraging them but not punishing them. E) Reasoning with them and explaining that their behavior is wrong. - B) Ignoring them so that they do not receive the reinforcement they are seeking. The length of time that it takes to toilet train a child depends mostly on which of the following? A) Presence or absence of older siblings. B) Severity of the training practices the caregivers use. C) Verbal ability of the caregivers. D) The child's feeding regimen in infancy. E) Age at which the child begins toilet training. - E) Age at which the child begins toilet training. A defining characteristic of children with autism is A) obsessive attachment to their mother B) lack of motor coordination C) unresponsiveness to others D) hyperactivity E) physical abnormalities - C) unresponsiveness to others Anxiety over performance can positively motivate school achievement in children as long as the degree of anxiety is A) very high B) high C) moderate D) low E) very low - C) moderate According to Jean Piaget, cognitive development begins with which of the following? A) Preoperations B) Concrete operations C) Intuitive thought D) Sensorimotor activies E) Formal operations - D) Sensorimotor activities Social-class differences in vocabulary development result from social-class differences in the amount of A) maternal anxiety B) verbal stimulation C) paternal illness D) sibling rivalry E) marital discord - B) verbal stimulation Studies in which the same people are tested at different ages are called A) longitudinal B) cross-sectional C) normative D) naturalistic E) experimental - A) longitudinal Which of the following is most central to the concept of sensitive period? A) Growth spurts must occur at specific ages. B) Children who do not develop at the same time as their peers experience distress. C) A given function emerges automatically during a particular time period regardless of learning experiences. D) Particular experiences are especially influential at a certain time in development. E) Children go through a negativistic stage as part of their cognitive development. - D) Particular experiences are especially influential at a certain time in development. Jimmy saw his favorite candy for sale in the store. He had no money, so he planned to steal it. However, he changed his mind and decided not to do it because stealing is wrong. According to Sigmund Freud's theory, which part of Jimmy's personality prevented him from stealing?