Sawey Contemporary Issues in Biology Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2024

Sawey Contemporary Issues in Biology Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2024 What is the pathway of sperm? - Answer- seminiferous tubules, stored in epididymis, vas deferens, urethra What are the accessory glands? - Answer- seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands What do the seminal vesicles produce? - Answer- Mucus and fructose (nourishment for sperm) What does the prostate gland produce? - Answer- Thin milky white fluid that contains nutrients for sperm What do the bulbourethral glands (cowper's gland) produce? - Answer- clear lubricating fluid that is alkaline and neutralizes the acidic environment of the penile urethra What makes up semen? - Answer- sperm and fluid from accessory glands What happens in the testes? - Answer- site of gamete formation and testosterone production Why are the testes located in the scrotum which is outside the body? - Answer- they need to be kept cooler than normal body temperature for sperm to properly develop What happens in the epididymis? - Answer- site of sperm cell maturation, in a chamber on top of each testis What are the male gametes? - Answer- sperm cells How does male puberty begin? - Answer- hypothalamus sends releasing hormones to the pituitary gland which causes it to begin producing FSH and LH Where do FSH and LH travel to? - Answer- they travel from the pituitary gland through the bloodstream to the testes What does FSH and LH do to the testes? - Answer- causes the cells of the seminiferous tubules to being undergoing meiosis and produce male gametes and testosterone How do male hormones fluctuate throughout life? - Answer- they spike and then slowly decline until death Where is the prostate gland located? - Answer- below the bladder, the urethra passes through it What is the problem with an enlarged prostate? - Answer- constricts urethra, dilates bladder, dilates ureters, causes discomfort or kidney damage What are the normal sizes of prostates? - Answer- for men under 50 it is the size of a walnut, but after 50 it can enlarge to the size of a lemon or peach What is a transurethral resection of the prostate? - Answer- a rectoscope is stuck up a mans urethra and an electrical loop is extended which removes excessive tissue and opens urethra Is prostate cancer common? - Answer- second most common form of cancer in men and the second most common cause of cancer death How can prostate cancer kill you? - Answer- if the cancer cells leave the prostate and spread to other parts of the body (metastasizes