CAIA Level II Sample Exam 2024 Questions and Answers (Graded A)

CAIA Level II Sample Exam 2024 Questions and Answers (Graded A) CAIA Level II Sample Exam 2024 Questions and Answers (Graded A) CAIA Level II Sample Exam 2024 Questions and Answers (Graded A)Intuition of the Black-Derman-Toy interest rate model - ANSWER-Observed spot rates drive rate levels while implied rate volatilities drive rate spreads Understanding the intuition of imposing these two conditions helps in understanding the essence of the BDT model. The spot rates in the currently observed term structure drive the overall levels of the rates that are projected throughout the binomial tree. The implied volatilities of options trading on short‐term rates (i.e., interest rate caplets) drives the spreads between the "up rates" and the "down rates" corresponding to the expiration dates of the caplets Mitigating Estimation Error Risk in Mean-Variance Optimization - ANSWER-Mitigating Estimation Error Risk in Mean-Variance Optimization returns strives to reduce estimation error and typically is executed by: (1) repeated analysis of hypothetical returns simulated from the statistical parameters estimated from the original sample of returns; or (2) repeated analysis of new samples of returns generated from the original sample