psychology A level paper 1 exam questions and answers

psychology A level paper 1 exam questions and answers describe a behavioural characteristic that might be seen in a person who has been diagnosed with a phobia of wasps - Answer-- panic- behaviours such as crying, running, screaming - avoidance- behaviours such as not going to places where wasps might be encountered describe one emotional characteristic that might be seen in a person who has been diagnosed with a phobia of wasps - Answer-- anxiety- feelings of worry/distress in the presence of wasps - fear- feelings of terror/scared explain how a hierarchy and relaxation might be used in the treatment of someone who has a phobia of wasps - Answer-- hierarchy is a list designed by therapist and client put into an order of least to most feared situations - the client and therapist will identify fearful situations involving seeing a wasp in a jar or a picture and rank from lowest to highest - client will use relaxation by controlling their breathing -showing them a picture and encouraging using calming techniques to relax and not moving on until relaxed outline the use of one or more drugs in the treatment of OCD - Answer--attempt to increase or decrease levels of neurotransmitters or the activity of neurotransmitters in the brain - antidepressants / SSRIs - prevent the reuptake of serotonin and prolong its activity in the synapse - tricyclics - block the transporter mechanism that reabsorbs both serotonin and noradrenaline - prolonging the activity - antianxiety drugs such as benzodiazepine - enhance activity of GABA so slow down CNS causing relaxation - SNRI - increase levels of serotonin and noradrenaline and are tolerated by those whom SSRIs aren't affective discuss one or more cognitive explanation of depression - Answer-- how mental processes affect behaviour - becks theory - faulty info processing, negative schemas, negative triad - Ellis's ABC model - A activating event, B belief, C consequence - evidence to support the idea faulty thinking is associated with depression - practical applications in the development of CBT - not all episodes of depression have an activating event - doesn't explain biological component what are two cognitive characteristics of OCD - Answer-awareness that behaviour is irrational and obsessions state two statements that describe the deviation from ideal mental health definition of abnormality - Answer-not achieving self actualisation and not being able to resi