NR 566 Midterm study guide Graded A+

Common CAP pathogens - Answer-S. Pneumoniae (most common) H. Influenzae (smokers/COPD) P. Aeruginosa (CF) CAP first line treatment - Answer-Macrolides, Doxycyline, Amoxicillin what to give if 1st CAP treatment doesn't work? - Answer-Respiratory Fluoroquinolone if not received abx in the past 3 months Mycoplasma pneumoniae - Answer-atypical pneumonia; commonly seen in children pediatric atypical pneumonia treatment - Answer-Macrolides (Erythromycin), if failed then Respiratory fluoroquinolone CAP treatment during pregnancy - Answer-Amoxicillin, cephalosporins, or Erythromycin Treatment of chlamydial pneumonia in infant - Answer-Macrolide (Azithromycin): 500mg orally on day 1 followed by 250 mg once daily on days 2-5 When to use broad/empiric spectrum antibiotics? - Answer-Before cultures are resulted/ critically ill patient after first culture obtained, based on NP knowledge of patient history, local susceptibility/geographic location When to use narrow spectrum antibiotics? - Answer-Used when the culture and sensitivity is resulted, and pathogen is known. how to treat C.diff - Answer-Stop the antibiotic that may have caused it 1st: Vancomycin 125 mg PO QID x 10 days. 2nd: Metronidazole 500mg PO TID x 10 daysaddress hydration Drug class known for ALL drugs in class to promote development of C. Diff - Answer-2nd and 3rd generation Cephalosporins Penicillin: Cross-sensitivity reactions with which drug classes - Answer-Cephalosporins & Carbapenems (Allergy may be mild or severe) Safe penicillin during pregancy - Answer-Amoxicillin patient education for Cephalosporins - Answer-Report to provider any loose stools, complete full course of antibiotics, s/s of allergy Cephalosporins in pregnancy - Answer-All appear safe for use