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Lecture notes 2 organic chemistry

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The notes from lecture 2 of the organic chemistry course. The document contains clear images. Furthermore, it is organized and clearly marked. Most of it is written in English, but it also contains a number of Dutch notes.

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Uploaded on
February 27, 2024
Number of pages
3
Written in
2022/2023
Type
Class notes
Professor(s)
Prof. dr. t.n. grossmann
Contains
Hoorcollege 2

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Organische chemie
Hoorcollege 2 – 13 feb 2023
Zie pp voor functionele groepen enz – dia 6 t/m 12 en 16+17


Aromatic ring structures:
- Bezeen  compound
- Phenyl  substituent  are called aryl (Ar) rings

Fenol is een aromatic ring met een OH groep.

Aceton is belangrijk.

Isomeren: if it has the same numbers as the type of ring …

Hydrocarbons:
- Alkanes  enkele binding
- Alkenes  dubbele binding
- Alkynes  drie dubbele binding

Functional groups:
- Alcholes  OH groep
- Acetals
- Ethers  alleen een O in de keten
- Aldehydes and ketons  dubbele binding van O aan het eind van molecuul
(aldehyde) of in het midden van molecuul (keton)
- Alkyhalides
- Amines  NH2 groep
- Nitro compounds 
- Carboxylic acids
- Amides
- Acid chlorides
- Esters
- Nitriles


Naming of organic compounds:
Determine the main chain or ring of C atoms.
Give substituents and their position.

How to define relative positions on aromatic rings:
- Ortho  substituens are in 1,2 position
- Meta  1,3 position
- Para  1,4 position

Geometry of bonds: molecule kunnen een verschillende ruimtelijke bouw hebben
- Tetrahedron  4 bindingen
- Triangle  3 bindingen, maximize distance, drie hoeken van 60 graden
- Line  2 bindingen
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