Biology 1010 Chapter 1 2024 study guide fully solved & verified for accuracy.

Biology study of life Living Organisms 1. have organization 2. acquire and use energy 3. Maintain homeostasis 4. Have inherited information 5. Composed of 1 or more cells 6. Respond to enviornment Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:15 Full screen Science collection of unified insights about nature, the evidence for which is an array of facts theory generalization that explains many observations. Has been tested and researchers have yet to find evidence that disproves it hypothesis Tentative, testable observation for an observed phenomenon Scientific method 1. observations 2. hypothesis 3. experiment/test 4. conclusion Independent variable factor being tested Dependent variable response/change that occurs due to the independent variable Control sample sample where independent variables are omitted Element a substance that cannot be reduced to a simpler substance atoms basic unit of matter composed of protons, neutrons and electrons nucleus contains most of mass and DNA atomic number number of protons mass number protons plus neutrons Neutrons no charge Protons positive charge electrons negative charge isotopes forms of a single element that differ in the number of neutrons radioisotope an isotope that has an unstable nucleus due to a loss of neutrons ions atoms that differ in the number of protons and electrons How many electrons in the first shell? 2 How many electrons after the first shell? 8 Radium one of the first radioactive materials discovered molecules number of atoms in a defined spatial relationship covalent bond bonds in which atoms SHARE electrons Polar covalent bonds bonds in which electrons are shared BUT spend more time near the larger nucleus. (create a negative charge on one end of the molecule) Hydrogen bonds formed when a partially positive hydrogen atom in a polar covalent bond is attracted to a partially negative atom in another covalent bond Ionic bond atoms bonded through attraction of oppositely charged particles. EXCHANGE of electrons Solution mixture of 2 or more substances Solute substance that IS DISSOLVED in a solvent Solvent substance in which A SOLUTE IS DISSOLVED Water provides the basis for life. freezes at 0 degrees celsius Surface Tension water molecules bond to each other more strongly than to air Hydrophilic molecules interact with water Hydrophobic molecules do not interact with water Acids lower ph