bio 112 exam 1 SG Questions And Answers

bio 112 exam 1 SG A population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium experiences all of the following conditions except___. - ANS Sexual selection All native Americans are descendants of a very small population ancestors who crossed the Bering straits into Alaska over 10,000 years ago. Virtually no native Americans have type B blood. This is an example of ___. - ANS founders effect Random change in a small population's gene pool is known as____. - ANS genetic drift T/f If mutation did not occur, the evolution would eventually stop - ANS true Which of the below are not an evolutionary process? - ANS nonrandom mating Currently the only predators of Galapagos marine iguanas are Galapagos hawks. Iguana body size is not correlated with risk of hawk predation, although small iguanas can sprint faster than large iguanas. If predators (i.e. cats) that preferably catch and eat slower iguanas are introduced to the island where marine iguanas thrive, iguana body size is likely to ___ in the absence of other factors; the iguanas would then be under ___ selection. - ANS Decrease; directional T/f Sexual dimorphism usually results when sexual selection is more intense between females of the same species. - ANS false Evolution can occur only within ___ - ANS a population Which evolutionary process can produce adaption, and increases the average fitness? - ANS natural selection The Carolina Rockrose is a self-pollinating flower native to South Carolina. Its reproduction is the most extreme form of___. - ANS inbreeding T/f Genetic drift is more pronounced in large populations than in small populations - ANS false Male elk have antlers used in ritual male to male combat to control a harem of females for breeding. Male elk antlers likely evolved by ___. - ANS intrasexual selection f allele frequencies are said to be conform to the Hardy Weinberg principle, the frequencies are said to be in Hardy Weinberg_____. - ANS equilibrium Toucans in the Brazilian rainforest disperse the seeds of key forest species by eating the fruit and defecating (pooping) the seeds to new locations. The toucans eat fruits with large seeds because their bills open very wide. Most other birds in the same forest only eat small seeds. As a result, forests with toucan's present have a higher quantity of bigger seeds than forests without toucans present. What type of selection foes this exhibit on the seeds from forests with toucans present versus forests with toucans absent? - ANS directional T/f Inbreeding does not cause evolution, because allele frequencies do not change in the population as a whole. - ANS true T/f Real populations in nature often conform to the Hardy-Weinberg Principle because allele frequencies often do not change over time. - ANS false In ___ selection, extreme phenotypes at both ends of the range are favored, and genetic variation is ___. - ANS Disruptive, increased Natural selection is the only evolutionary process responsible for evolution - ANS false T/f According to Darwin, evolution by natural selection requires that individuals are similar and do not vary. - ANS false The presence of a pharyngeal pouch in chick, human, and cat embryos is an example of - ANS Developmental homology Roses grow thorns on purpose to deter herbivores - ANS false T/F Evolution perfects organisms, with traits optimized by fitness trade-offs. - ANS false When a similarity exists in a species due to common ancestry, this is called - ANS homology T/F Evolutionary change occurs in populations of organisms - ANS true In the rise of evolutionary thought, the idea of "survival of the fittest" was best described by - ANS darwin and wallace T/F An optional extra credit project in your Biology 112 class includes taking a selfie at the summit of Mount Everest. You courageously decide to do the extra credit. After traveling to Tibet, it takes several weeks for you to get used to the low oxygen partial pressure at this extremely high altitude. During this time, your body begins to produce more hemoglobin-carrying red blood cells. This increase in your red blood cells is an example of adaption. - ANS false Natural selection results from - ANS Differential reproductive success T/F Darwin strengthened the idea of typological thinking by his theory of natural selection. - ANS false A farmer uses triazene herbicide to control pigweed in her fields. For the first few years the triazene works well and almost all the pigweed dies. But after several years, the farmer sees more and more pigweed despite the continued use of triazene. Which of the explanations best explains this observation? - ANS Triazene-resistant weeds were more likely to survive and reproduce. Which of the following individuals is the most fit according to the concept of evolutionary fitness? - ANS One who lives to be 20 and has 40 offspring Which of the following does not support the theory of evolution by natural selection as species change through time? - ANS acclimatization Whose model of the diversity of life is best described as change through time organized by the scale of nature, with the inheritance of acquired traits? - ANS Lamarck In a population of polar bears, which is the evolutionarily fittest? - ANS - The bear that leaves the most descendants What is the quickest time period in which can evolution occur? - ANS - In a single generation - ANS Facilitating dispersal of seeds what are evolutions 4 processes - ANS natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation natural selection - ANS increases frequency of alleles genetic drift - ANS alleles not picked by chance;causes allele frequencies to change randomly gene flow - ANS movement of alleles from one population to another; alleles are removed from population mutation - ANS allele frequencies are modified 5 characteristics of hardy Weinberg principle - ANS random mating, no natural selection, no genetic drift, no gene flow, no mutation