CMSRN Exam Prep 2024 (I just made notecards out of the sections in the book) Already Passed

CMSRN Exam Prep 2024 (I just made notecards out of the sections in the book) Already Passed Gastrointestinal Bleeding (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - Answer ️️ -Causes: Mallory-Weiss tear, cancer, NSAID use, history of GERD. Symptoms: Abdominal discomfort, red bloody stools, asymptomatic. Diagnosis: CBC, endoscope to confirm. Treatment: Cause-based. Fluid replacement. Locating source. Cirrhosis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - Answer ️️ -Causes: Scar tissue replaces healthy liver tissue. Lipids stored in body cells instead. Symptoms: Abdominal pain, drowsiness, weight loss. History of Hep C. Diagnosis: Treatment: Antivirals (with Hep C), diuretics, beta-blockers (if cardiac affect), Zinc supplement, liver transplant. Foreign Bodies (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - Answer ️️ -Causes: Accidents. 2cm or bigger can cause blockage. Children, patients with dentures, and psych patients at risk. Symptoms: Depends on location. Diagnosis: Ultrasound (faster if d/t sharp object), or X-ray. Treatment: Pro-motility medications if safe to pass, or laparoscopic surgery if large/sharp/dangerous. GI Obstruction (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - Answer ️️ -Causes: Body tissues causing blockage. Symptoms: Pain, constipation, N/V/D. Diagnosis: Endoscopy, X-ray. Treatment: Antibiotics, colectomy, bowel rest, surgery if hemorrhage. Gastroenteritis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - Answer ️️ -Causes: Norovirus, bacteria, foreign bodies Symptoms: N/V/D, tachycardia, weight loss. Diagnosis: Symptomatic Treatment: Fluid replacement, antibiotics, antidiarrheals (for fluid loss) Crohn's Disease (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - Answer ️️ -Causes: IBD in small intestine, varies severity. Symptoms: Abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, bloody stool, low appetite, weight loss. Diagnosis: CBC (rule out infection, check anemia), fecal blood test, colonoscopy (check damage, find granulomas, inflammatory cells that trigger symptoms) Treatment: anti-inflammatories, corticosteroids, oral 5-aminosalicylates. No cure. Ulcerative Colitis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - Answer ️️ -Causes: Inflammation, ulcers, sores in GI tract, large intestine, rectum. Symptoms: Diarrhea, with blood or pus, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, urgency to defacate Diagnosis: proctosigmoiditis causes inflamed rectum and sigmoid colon with bloody diarrhea, left-sided colitis from sigmoid and descending colon, and pancolitis in entire colon. Colonoscopy to confirm. Treatment: antibiotics, corticosteroids (reduce recurring flare-ups). No cure. Cholecystitis (Cause/Risks/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - Answer ️️ -Causes: inflammation of gallbladder from cystic duct blockage by gallstones. Risks: elderly, women, overweight, weight loss. Symptoms: RUQ pain, N/V, jaundice, fever, tender gallbladder, gangrene if untreated. Diagnosis: LFT, RUQ ultrasound (best for women to rule out pregnancy). Treatment: antibiotics, cholecystectomy, treat asap. Gastritis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - Answer ️️ -Causes: inflammation stomach lining, corticosteroid or NSAID use, excessive alcohol use. Symptoms: abdominal pain, nausea/vomitting. Diagnosis: symptomatic. Treatment: antibiotics, antacids, antidiarrheals if needed. Appendicitis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - Answer ️️ -Causes: Symptoms: Diagnosis: Treatment: Spinal Cord Injury (Identifying) - Answer ️️ -Clincal: Assessing patient movements/sensation/pain Xray: examine spine for fracture/degen changes, tumors CT: check intervertebral discs for damage MRI: identify herniated discs, blood clots, growths. Spinal Cord Injury (Segments/Severity) - Answer ️️ -Cervical: C1-C8 (Tetraplegia) Thoracic: T1-T12 (Paraplegia) Lumbar: L1-L5 Sacral: S