MENTAL HEALTH EXAM UPDATED ANSWERS 2023/2024

Electroconvulsive therapy is most commonly prescribed for which of the following? a. Bipolar disorder, manic b. Paranoid schizophrenia c. Major depression d. Obsessive-compulsive disorder 2. Which of the following best describes the average number of ECT treatments given and the timing of administration? a. One treatment per month for 6 to 12 months b. One treatment every other day, three times a week, for a total of 6 to 12 treatments c. One treatment three times per week for 6 to 12 months d. One treatment every day for a total of 10 to 20 treatments 3. Which of the following conditions increases the risk of adverse events associated with ECT? (Select all that apply.) a. Increased intracranial pressure b. Recent myocardial infarction c. Severe underlying hypertension d. Congestive heart failure e. Breast cancer 4. The most common side effects of ECT are: a. Permanent memory loss and brain damage. b. Fractured and dislocated bones. c. Myocardial infarction and cardiac arrest. d. Temporary memory loss and confusion. 5. Atropine sulfate is administered to a client receiving ECT for what purpose? a. To alleviate anxiety b. To decrease secretions c. To relax muscles d. As a short-acting anesthetic 6. Succinylcholine is administered to a client receiving ECT for what purpose? a. To alleviate anxiety b. To decrease secretions c. To relax muscles d. As a short-acting anesthetic 7. A client has been ordered ECT and asks the nurse, "Exactly how does ECT work?" Which of the following is the most accurate response by the nurse? a. "I'm not allowed to tell you that because that would be informed consent." b. "The exact mechanism is unknown, but there are several ways that ECT may have antidepressant effects C. "The administration of a shock to the brain induces memory loss, which will make you forget you are depressed." d. "The neuroplasticity affected by seizure activity prevents further brain damage. 8. A client with major depression, who has not responded to antidepressant medication, has been referred for a course of ECT treatments. The client says to the nurse on admission, "I don't want to end up like McMurphy in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest I'm scared!" What is Sam's priority nursing diagnosis at this time? a. Anxiety related to deficient knowledge about ECT b. Risk for injury related to risks associated with ECT c. Deficient knowledge related to negative media presentation of ECT d. Acute confusion related to side effects of ECT 9. A client, who has been hospitalized for ECT treatments, says to the nurse on admission, "I don't want to end up like McMurphy in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest. I'm scared!" Which of the following statements would be most appropriate by the nurse in response to Sam's expression of concern? a. "I guarantee you won't end up like Mc Murphy, Sam." b. The doctor knows what he is doing. There's nothing to worry about." c. "I know you are scared, Sam, and we're going to talk about what you can expect from the therapy." d. "I'm going to stay with you as long as you are scared." 10. What is the priority nursing intervention before starting ECT therapy? a. Take vital signs and record. b. Have the patient void. c. Administer succinylcholine. d. Ensure that the consent form has been signed. CHAPTER 22 1. An example of a treatable (reversible) form of NCD is one that is caused by which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Multiple sclerosis b. Huntington's disease c. Electrolyte imbalance d. HIV disease e. Folate deficiency 2. A client has been diagnosed with NCD due to Alzheimer's disease. The cause of this disorder is which of the following? a. Multiple small brain infarcts b. Chronic alcohol abuse c. Cerebral abscess d. Unknown 3. Which of the following medications has been indicated for improvement in cognitive functioning in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease? (Select all that apply.) a. Donepezil (Aricept) b. Rivastigmine (Exelon) c. Risperidone (Risperdal) d. Sertraline (Zoloft) e. Galantamine (Razadyne) 4. Which of the following factors is not associated with an increased incidence of neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's disease? a. Multiple small strokes b. Family history of Alzheimer's disease c. Head trauma d. Advanced age 5. In addition to disturbances in cognition and orientation, individuals with Alzheimer's disease may also show changes in which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Personality b. Vision C. Speech d. Hearing e. Mobility Clinical Judgment Questions 6. A client, who has neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's disease, says to the nurse, "I have a date tonight. I always have a date on Christmas." Which of the following is the most appropriate response? a. "Don't be silly. It's not Christmas, Mrs. G." b. "Today is Tuesday, October 21, Mrs. G. We will have supper soon, and then your daughter will come to visit." c. "Who is your date with, Mrs. G.?" d. "I think you need some more medication, Mrs. G. I'll bring it to you now." 7. A client who has NCD due to Alzheimer's disease has trouble sleeping and wanders around at night. Which of the following nursing actions would be best to promote sleep in this client? a. Ask the doctor to prescribe flurazepam (Dalmane). b. Ensure that the client gets an afternoon nap so she will not be overtired at bedtime. c. Make the client a cup of tea with honey before bedtime. d. Ensure that the client gets regular physical exercise during the day. 8. The night nurse finds a client with Alzheimer's dis