KU ABSC 160 Study Guide with Complete Solutions(RATED A)

Identify the forces that drive development - ANSWER-Biological processes Environment Or both Compare and contrast quantitative and qualitative changes - ANSWER-Qualitative changes: changes in overall nature of what is being observed Quantitative changes: changes in the amount or quantity of what is being measured; reflected in the way children process info as they get older ex: walking is a qualitative difference from crawling - Tenets of developmental theory - ANSWER-1. development is continuous (builds on earlier experiences) 2. development is not a constant, even process 3. development is non-linear 4. description is not enough, need explanation: (why and how it happens) 5. nature and nurture play a role - Importance and definition of skepticism and pseudoscience - ANSWER-skepticism: judging validity of a claim based on objective empirical evidence pseudoscience: collection of beliefs or practices mistakenly regarded as being based on science. uses testimonials and anecdotes. ex: flat earth society -being a skeptic protects us from pseudoscience and allows us to be a good consumer of information - Concepts of multifinality and equifinality - ANSWER-multifinality: the principle by which the same pathways may lead to different developmental outcomes Ex:abused children may have different long term outcomes equifinality: principle by which different developmental pathways may result in the same outcome Ex: depression can stem from different causes such as genetics, trauma, etc. - Canalization of genes - ANSWER-the degree to which the expression of a gene is influenced by the environment Ex: intelligence is a trait not deeply canalized - The activities of a "good" consumer of developmental information - ANSWER--knows sources -examines evidence and questions authority -critical thinker -avoids making generalizations -is aware of perceptual bias - questions "common sense"