BSMCON NUR 2101 – FINAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE & VERIFIED SOLUTIONS

BSMCON NUR 2101 – FINAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE & VERIFIED SOLUTIONS Mobility is... - Answer-is the freedom and independence in purposeful movement. refers to adapting to and having self aof the environment. Functional musculoskeletal and nervous systems are essential. Joint Mobility - Answer-Range of motion (ROM) = the maximum movement possible for the joint ROM varies and is determined by: genetic makeup, developmental patterns, presence of absence of disease, and physical activity Mobility Nursing Process: Assessment - Answer-Mobility: ROM Gait Exercise Activity Tolerance The adequacy of your patient's mobility affects his or her coordination and balance while walking, the ability to carry out ADLs, and the ability to participate in an exercise program. The assessment of mobility has three components: range of motion (ROM), gait, and exercise. ROM - Answer-Assess ROM to further clarify the extent of joint stiffness, swelling, pain, limited movement, and unequal movement. Limited ROM indicates inflammation such as arthritis, fluid in the joint, altered nerve supply, or contractures. Increased mobility (beyond normal) of a joint indicates connective tissue disorders, ligament tears, and possible joint fractures. Activity tolerance - Answer-is the kind and amount of exercise or work that a person is able to perform without undue exertion or injury. Mobility Nursing Process: Assessment Older Adult Considerations - Answer-Decline in physical activity Changes in joints Chronic conditions and medications can affect activity and exercise tolerance. **In assessing a patient's expectations concerning body alignment and joint mobility, determine your patient's perception of what is normal or acceptable in regard to mobility. Some patients are content with their present range of motion or mobility and do not perceive a need for improvement. Unless there is a real threat to health maintenance, forcing patients to accept perspectives not in accordance with their own beliefs is a breach of standards of care. **The older adult often experiences a decline in physical activity and changes in joints that predispose to problems with mobility and limit joint flexibility. In addition, chronic conditions increase in older adults, and certain medications affect a person's activity and exercise tolerance. It is important for older adults to exercise and remain active. A program of exercise promotes health and improves illness, trauma, and rehabilitation outcomes. Recommend approaches that help older adults increase exercise and activity, use proper body mechanics, and prevent injury. Mobility Nursing process: Planning - Answer-Goals and outcomes Work with the patient. Outcomes must be measureable. Setting priorities Prioritize based on the effect the problem has on a patient's mental and physical health. Teamwork and collaboration Patient, family, specialists (physical or occupational therapists) Mobility Nursing Process: Implementation - Answer-Health promotion: *Focus on improving exercise and activity. *Encourage patients to exercise daily. *Moderate 15- to 30-minute exercise is beneficial to maintain fitness, weight levels, and glycemic control. *Exercise and activity can help return a patient to independence and a maximal state of health following trauma or illness. Joint Mobility & Ambulation - Answer-Range-of-motion exercises *Active *Passive Walking: Assisting a patient to walk *Assess patient and environment. *Allow legs to dangle. *Use a gait belt. *Maintain a midline center of gravity. Mobility Evaluation - Answer-Patient care *Reassess the patient for signs of improved activity and exercise tolerance. *Revise the plan as needed. **The success in meeting each outcome is based on the use of evaluative measures such as ROM, ability to ambulate, distance of ambulation, and activity/exercise tolerance. Patient expectations *Ask for the patient's perception of activity and exercise status after interventions. *Ask if the patient's expectations are being met. palliative care - Answer-Interventions for patients with serious chronic illnesses or those near the end of life are based on a philosophy of total care is called palliative care. Palliative care is practiced in any setting and focuses on the prevention, reduction, or