Equine Health Final Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct!

What general observations should you make when examining a horse? - ANSWERSManure: consistency, amount Urination: consistency, amount Appetite Posture and Attitude Mentation: depressed? agitated? lethargic? "Pain Face" Nervous System: how alert? response to stimuli? Musculoskeletal system: standing on all 4 legs? Ocular system: open, symmetrical eyes? looking at you? Any cuts, scratches, etc. Mucous Membrane Vitals - ANSWERSgums should be pink and moist (hydration) Capillary Refill Time - ANSWERSpush on gums until white and then release to see time it takes to turn pink again examines the cardiovascular system Hyperemic Gums - ANSWERSRed or dark gums "hyper bloody" Yellow Gums - ANSWERSIcitric (horses that are not eating enough or have liver problems) Normal Vital Parameters (TPRs) - ANSWERSTemperature: 98-101.5 F Pulse:36-44 BPM RR: 12 breaths per min GI sounds - ANSWERSseperated into 4 quadrants: left, right, dorsal, ventral 1 GI sound should be 30 sec-1 min at a minimum Miotic - ANSWERSclosed eye Mydrasis - ANSWERSwide open eye Sclera - ANSWERSwhite of eye should be white with red blood vessels Edema - ANSWERSswelling between the cells will pit if you press on it Effusion - ANSWERSfluid within joints looks like a distinct bubble