equine diseases Questions and Answers 100% Correct!

What is a bacterial infection? - ANSWERSinfection due to contraction of bacterium Botulism (B) - ANSWERSAKA: forage poisoning (adults), shaker foal syndrome (foal) Cause: Chlostridium botulinum (toxin) silage (incomplete cured hay), spoiled feed (from silage) Symptoms: (adults) appears 3-7 days after ingestion of toxin. Muscular paralysis of limbs, jaw, tongue, and pharynx. Feed may accumulate in mouth, tongue goes flaccid. May move with shuffled/stilted gait due to muscle weakness (foals) muscle tremors, uncoordinated, jerky movements, eventually become paralyzed and die Treatment: little to no effect once symptoms are seen Prevention: careful selection of feed (esp silage). vax mare 3 times prior to parturition. Contagious Equine Metritis (CEM) (B) - ANSWERSWhat: infection that causes abortions and infertility Cause: Taylorella equigenitalis venereal disease Symptoms: (stallion) infertility, no visible symptoms (mare) infertility, abortions, pus or fluid discharge from uterus Diagnosis: (stallion) breed with 3 mares and test mares for CEM (mares) culture for T. equigenitalis from uterin discharge Treatment: clear bacterium from uterus (can take several months), give antibiotics, external genitalia can be wiped with disinfectants and antibiotics and then covered in antibiotic ointment (ex: Nitrofurazone) Prevention: quaretine all animals entering the country/ breeding facility. follow strict hygiene regime Foal Septicemia (B) - ANSWERSWhat: neonatal infection that can affect both foal and mare Cause: bacteria enter through umbilical cord causing infection Symptoms: (foal) decreased appetite, weakness, weakened suckling reflex, mild dehydration, may cause fever (mare) fever, placentitis (inflammation of placenta, can cause abortion), dystocia