PNB 2XC3 - Animal Behaviour Test With 100% Correct Answers 2024/2025

PNB 2XC3 - Animal Behaviour Test With 100% Correct Answers 2024/2025 What does the scientific model involve? - answerThe scientific model involved scientific observation, measurement, experiment and the creating and modifying of a hypotheses What is ethology? - answerEthology is the field of animal behaviour How do we know that our ancestors had a solid understanding of animal behaviour? - answerThe Minoans are an example where they had a golden pendant from a Cretan cemetary which showed 2 bees transferring food. Why Aristotle important to ethology? - answerAristotle's work in "Physics and Natural History" birthed the field of natural history. His work distinguished about 500 species. Ethology is interdisciplinary; From what other fields does ethology take insights from? - answerEthology takes insights from: biology, psychology, anthropology, math and economics. What are the 4 types of questions that ethologists ask? Explain each, and which ones are proximate and which ones are ultimate. - answerMechanism: These types of questions ask what type of stimuli elicits the animal's behaviour? What kind of neurobiological/hormonal changes occur in response to the anticipation of such a stimuli. Development: As the animal ages and matures, how does their behaviour change? How does behaviour change with the ontogeny of the animal? Survival Value: How does behaviour affect survival and reproduction? Evolutionary History: How does behaviour vary as a function of the animal's evolutionary history? When did a characteristic behaviour of an animal first appear in its evolutionary history? Proximate: Mechanism and Development Ultimate: Survival Value and Evolutionary History What is ontogeny? - answerThe development of an organisms behaviour from the earliest stage of maturity. What is Proximate analysis? - answerAnswers how and what questions. Studies the immediate causes of a behaviour. What is Ultimate analysis? - answerAnswers why questions. Studies the evolutionary forces that shaped the trait. What was the initial definition of behaviour? Explain why this is wrong. - answerBehaviour: the total movements made by an intact animal. This definition of behaviour is far too general, as it incorporates everything an animal does. What was the definition of behaviour suggested by the book? Explain why it is a more appropriate definition. - answerBehaviour is the coordinated responses of whole living organisms to internal and/or external stimuli. It is an appropriate definition because it summarizes most of the points that many ehtologists tried to incorporate into their definitions, and it makes an important distinction between and ORGAN and an ORGANISM. ` Is sweating a behaviour? - answerMost ethologists agree that is not a behaviour. However, sweating can act as a cue for animals to respond and to move to areas of shade, which makes THIS a behaviour. What are the foundations that we build the approach to ethology upon? - answer1. Force of Natural Selection 2. Ability of Animals to Learn 3. The power of transmitting learned information to others What argument did Darwin make about advantageous behaviour? - answerDarwin argues that any trait that provided an animal with some sort of reproductive advantage over others in the population would be favoured by natural sel