General Chemistry placement test Study Guide Exam with 100% Verified Solutions

General Chemistry placement test Study Guide Exam with 100% Verified Solutions molecule - answertwo nonmetal atoms combined form a covalent compound called a diatomic molecules - answerH2,O2,F2 Matter - answerAnything that has mass and takes up space Element - answerA substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances Compound - answerA pure substance made of two or more elements CHEMICALLY combined. Compound - answerCan be decomposed by chemically Mixture - answerA PHYSICAL blend of two or more components (aq) - answeraqueous mixture, a substance is dissolved in water homogeneous mixture - answerA mixture that is so evenly mixed that you can't see all of the different parts. Ex. Air, kool-aid heterogeneous mixture - answerA mixture in which different materials can be seen easily. Ex. soil, chocolate chip cookies filtration - answerprocess to separate a solid "precipitate" from a liquid sublimation - answerphase change from (s) --> (g) empirical formula - answerA formula showing the lowest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound. Can't be reduced. solid - answerA state of matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume liquid - answerA form of matter that flows, has constant volume, and takes the shape of its container Bromine (Br) and Mercury (Hg) - answeronly two liquids on the periodic table gas - answerA state of matter with no definite shape or volume gas - answerwill uniformly and completely fill a container gases - answerphysical property most all nonmetals and group 18 physical property - answerA characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change. Ex. melting/boiling point, solubility, density, color, or hardness. properties - answerused to identify or recognize matter (objects). chemical property - answerdescribes how matter reacts when it changes chemically into another substances. Ex. reactivity with acid, base or with air to rust, flammability, decomposition. physical/phase change - answer(s)-->(l)-->(g), diluting, crush, cut. Still same substance. Density - answerA physical property. Specific to every element. Chemical symbol - answerOne capital letter, or a capital letter and a lower case letter together. Mass on upper left side, and atomic # on lower left side. Conservation of Mass - answerEqual # of atoms on both sides of a chemical equation Democritus - answerGreek philosopher that said all matter is made of tiny particles called "atomos" or atoms JJ Thomson - answerused the cathode ray tube to discover electrons Rutherford - answerGold foil experiment: (atom is mostly empty space, atoms contains a dense, positively charged nucleus); disco