Foundations of nursing and med/surg final, Complete Solution

Foundations of nursing and med/surg final, Complete Solution What does AAA stand for? abdominal aortic aneurysm What does ADL stand for? activities of daily living What does AMT stand for? amount What does BGM stand for? Blood glucose monitoring What does BID stand for? twice daily What does BP stand for? blood pressure What does BM stand for? bowel movement What does BRP stand for bathroom privileges What does C & S stand for? culture and sensitivity What does CAD stand for? coronary artery disease What does BUN stand for? blood urea nitrogen What does CBC stand for? complete blood count What does CHD stand for? coronary heart disease What does CHF stand for? congestive heart failure What does "c/o" stand for? complains of What does CPAP stand for? continuous positive airway pressure What does COPD stand for? chronic obstructive pulmonary disease What does CVA stand for? cerebrovascular accident What does DAT stand for? diet as tolerated What does DNR stand for? do not resuscitate What does I & O stand for? intake and output D. What is included in part of the critical thinking process? A.Knowing what you know B.Knowing what you do not know C.Knowing that you need to find out more D.All of the above inflammation of the stomach gastritis Of unknown orgin Idiopathic An abnormal tube like passage Fistula Removal of the stomach gastrectomy Scar tissue or scarring Fibrosis Examination of the stomach with a lighted instrument Gastroscopy Breast enlargement (in males) gynecomastia Between ribs intercostal Formation of a stoma from the jejunum Jenunostomy vomiting blood hematemesis inflammation of the liver hepatitis Breakdown of red blood cells hemolysis paralysis of one side of the body hemiplegia Liver enlargement hepatomegaly Stopping bleeding hemostasis Blood loss over 500 ml Hemorrhage The study of diseases of the blood Hematology hypotension low blood pressure hypertrophy Enlargement in size hysterectomy surgical removal of the uterus Hypodermic injected under the skin hydrocephalus Fluid on the brain hydrocele fluid filled sac in the scrotum laryngitis inflammation of the larynx Leukopenia Abnormally low white blood cell count Lipoma fatty tumor meningioma tumor of the meninges myoma muscle tumor necrosis tissue death nephrectomy surgical removal of a kidney nephritis inflammation of the kidney nephromegaly enlargement of the kidney neuritis inflammation of a nerve oliguria Decrease in urine output oophorectomy surgical removal of an ovary Osteoporosis Porous bones phlebitis inflammation of a vein pneumonia inflammation of the lungs polyuria excessive urination prenatal before birth preoperative before surgery pruritus itching quadriplegia paralysis of all four limbs -sclerosis hardening splenectomy surgical removal of the spleen suprapubic above the pubic bone Tachycardia fast heart rate Tachypnea rapid breathing thoractomy incision of the chest thyroidectomy surgical removal of the thyroid gland tonsillectomy surgical removal of the tonsils paraplegia paralysis from the waist down stricture or stenosis narrowing of a passageway tid ac three times a day before meals TPR q1h temp, pulse, and respirations every hour edema swelling Anti-emboli against clot movement thrombi blood clots eupnea normal breathing What is the normal oral temperature? 37 C (98.6 F) What is the normal respiration rate? 12-20 breaths per minute What is a normal pulse rate? 60-100 bpm What is normal blood pressure? 120/80 mmHg What is the normal rectal temperature? 37.5 degrees celsius, 99.5 degrees fahrenheit What is the normal axillary temperature 35.5°-37.0°C (95.9-98.6°F) What are normal oxygen saturations? 95% to 100% Hypoxia lack of oxygen diaphoresis profuse sweating Hypertension high blood pressure Systole Contraction of the heart Diastole Relaxation of the heart Afebrile no fever orthostatic hypotension low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up When do you use nasal cannula? For low 02 concentration, (24-44%) When to use a venti mask? For precise low o2 concentration, (24-60%) When to use a simple mask? For medium o2 concentration, (30-60%) When to use a non-rebreather mask? For high o2 concentration, (60 to 100%) When to use nebulizer? For an increased amount of humidity with o2, (35-100%) When to use a mini nebulizer? To deliver a medicated aerosol treatment. What is a myocardial pump? Two atria and two ventricles As the myocardium stretches, the strength of the subsequent contraction increases (Starling's law). What is myocardial blood flow? Unidirectional through four valves S1: mitral and tricuspid close S2: aortic and pulmonic close What is coronary artery circulation? Coronary arteries supply the myocardium with nutrients and remove wastes. What is systemic circulation? carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart Normal range for blood pH? 7.35-7.45 Normal range for paCO2? 35-45 mm Hg Normal range for pao2? 80-100 mmHg Normal range for HC03? 22-26 What is oxygen toxicity? Too high a concentration of oxygen (greater than 50%) is administered for an extended period (longer than 48 hours). What are symptoms of oxygen toxicity? Sub-sternal chest pain, cough, and SOB What is a low flow oxygen system? nasal cannula, simple face mask What is incentive spirometry? Incentive spirometry is a device used for encouragement of voluntary deep breathing by providing visual feedback to clients regarding inspiratory volume. Incentive spirometry promotes deep breathing and prevents or treats atelectasis in the postoperative client. There is solid evidence to support the use of lung expansion with incentive spirometry in preventing postoperative pulmonary complications following abdominal surgery. What is a oral airway Prevents obstruction of the trachea by displacement of the tongue into the oropharynx What is the oral airway used for? 1. unconscious pts 2. relieves tongue obstruction 3. prevents laceration of tongue during a seizure 4. used a bite block with ET tube 5. helps with suctioning What is stage 1 of sleep? light sleep, rapid eye movement. What is stage 2 of sleep? Sound sleep, non-rapid eye movement. What is stage 3 of sleep? Deepest sleep, non-rapid eye movement. What is Rapid eye movement sleep? When high amplitude slow waves are periodically replaced by rapid, low voltage EEG activity What are some sleep disorders? insomnia, narcolepsy, sleep apnea, night terrors What is sleep apnea? a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings What is narcolepsy? A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times. What is parasomnia? abnormal behavior that occurs during sleep How much sleep do young adults need a day? 6-8 1/2 hours Factors affecting sleep?