FISDAP Airway Exam Study Guide With Complete Solutions 2024

FISDAP Airway Exam Study Guide With Complete Solutions 2024Alveolar air volume - correct answer-Amount of air that reaches alveoli for gas exchange (approx. 350 ml. For adult male) Tidal volume minus dead space Dead air space - correct answer-Anatomically: structures that hold air, but can't participate in gas exchange. Physiologically: alveoli or capillaries destroyed by disease Expiratory reserve volume - correct answer-Amount of gas that can be forcefully expired at the end of a normal expiration Inspiratory reserve volume - correct answer-Amount of gas that can be forcefully inspired in addition to a normal breaths tidal volume Internal respiration - correct answer-Exchange of gases between blood cells and tissues Peak expiratory flow - correct answer-The greatest rate of airflow during forced expiration when lungs are fully inflated Residual volume - correct answer-After maximal forced exhalation, amount of air remaining not able to be expelled Tidal volume - correct answer-Amount of air in a respiratory cycle (500 ml, 5-7ml/kg) Minute volume - correct answer-Amount of gas moved in and out of respiratory tract per minute Air trapping - correct answer-A respiratory pattern associated with an obstruction in the pulmonary tree. Rate increases to overcome resistance Angle of Louis - correct answer-Angulation of the sternum that indicates the point where the second rib joins the sternum. (manubriosternal junction) Anoxia - correct answer-total lack of oxygen available to the tissues Apnea - correct answer-Respiratory arrest Atelectasis - correct answer-Abnormal condition characterized by collapse of alveoli, preventing exchange of co2 and o2 in a part of the lungs Barrier device - correct answer-Thin film of material placed on the patient's face used to prevent direct contact with the patient's mouth during PPV Carina - correct answer-Where the trachea divides into right and left bronchi Ronchi - correct answer-Rattling or rumbling in the lungs. Inspiration and expiration. Fluid in larger airways and may be cleared from a cough. Stridor - correct answer-Harsh, high-pitched inspiratory sound best heard over the neck Rattles (ronchi) - correct answer-Inflammation and mucus or fluid in larger airways heard on inspiration. Associated with bronchitis or pneumonia Crackles (rales) - correct answer-Wet lungs - sounds like hair rolled in finger tips. fluid in smaller airways, crackling or popping sound on inspiration, sound that indicates presence of fluid in smaller airways Croup - correct answer-Viral infection in upper airway that sounds like a seal bark Wheeze - correct answer-Whistling sound heard on inspiration or expiration in pharynx, trachea, bronchi Biots respirations - correct answer-Irregular respirations and rate with periods of apnea from increased ICP, brain damage at medulla, DKA, and OD'ing Agonal respirations - correct answer-Slow, shallow, irregular from anoxic brain injury Central neurogenic hyperventilation - correct answer-Similar to Kussmaul respirations, deep and rapid breathing from increased ICP Cheyne-Stokes respiration - correct answer-A pattern of gradually increasing rate and depth of breathing that tapers to slower and shallower breathing with a period of apnea before the cycle repeats Hering-Breuer reflex - correct answer-Reflex that limits inspiration and prevents overinflation Hiccup - correct answer-Spasm of the diaphragm Benign tumor - correct answer-Not spreading aggressively Malignant tumor - correct answer-Aggressively spreads Secondary tumor - correct answer-Spread from its original location Primary tumor - correct answer-Collection of cells that grow out of control, in excess of normal rate. Tumor that develops in only 1 tissue