ARCH 212 TAMU EXAM 1 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED

ARCH 212 TAMU EXAM 1 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED Based on the video"The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces." What design elements encourage the use and facilitate the success of urban spaces? - answer1. Sittable space 2. Relationship with street(s) 3. Sun 4. Food 5. Water 6. Trees 7. Triangulation of activities 8. Etc How do we value nature? - answerEgocentrism, Anthropocentrism, and Ecocentrism Egocentrism - answerResourcism, Conservation, Preservation Anthoropcentrism - answerViewing the natural environment from the perspective of how it meets human needs. Resourcism, Conservation, Preservation Ecocentrism - answerViewing nature for its own sake instead of for how it supports humans. Preservation What explains why we like nature ? - answer1. Evolution Based Theory 2. Restorative effects of nature Evolution based Theory - answerBiophillia and Biophobia hypothesis Biophillia Hypothesis - answerThere is an instinctive bond ( a biological affinity) between human beings and other (nonthreatening) living systems. Biophobia Hypothesis - answerHumans have a genetic predisposition to fear certain potentially dangerous elements of nature. What theories explain the restorative effects of nature? - answer1. Stress Reduction Theory 2. Attention Restoration Theory physiological responses to stress - answer- Increased Blood Pressure - Increased metabolism ;e.g., faster heartbeat,faster respiration - Faster Blood Clotting - Increased stomach acids - increased production of blood sugar for energy - localized inflammation - increased cholesterol and fatty acids for energy production systems - decreased protein synthesis;intestinal movement(digestion); immune and allergic response systems Stress - answerA process of responding to events and situations that are challenging,exceed coping resources, or threaten well-being. Psychological Responses to stress - answer- negative emotions -interpretation of stressful situations -appraisal of potential harms, threats and challenges - Vulnerability - Perceived ability to cope Nature vs. Stress Reduction - answerMost nature sce