Acute Renal Failure (ARF) 130 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated 2024

Acute Renal Failure (ARF) What is Acute Renal Failure - ✔ ✔ Abrupt decrease in renal function resulting in retention of Nitrogenous waste. ARF is the result of what - ✔ ✔ Decreased renal blood flow, intrinsic renal parenchymal diseases, or obstruction of urine flow Most common intrinsic cause of Acute Renal Failure - ✔ ✔ Acute Tubular Necrosis What percent of Patients have ARF on hospital a dmission - ✔ ✔ 1% What percent of patients develop ARF during hospitalization - ✔ ✔ 2-5% In hospitalized patients what is the most common cause of ARF? - ✔ ✔ Prerenal azotemia 30 -60% In hospitalized patients what percent of ARF patients are due to POSTr enal azotemia - ✔ ✔ 1-10% What is the most common predisposing factor of Acute tubular necrosis - ✔ ✔ Prerenal Azotemia *remember ATN is the most common intrinsic cause of ARF What percent of Acute tubular necrosis pts result from Post trauma or postoper ative? - ✔ ✔ 40-60% Prerenal azotemia is defined as what - ✔ ✔ Reduction in glomerular perfusion secondary to decreased volume or situations with decreased circulation. Are kidney's in prerenal azotemia wet or dry - ✔ ✔ Dry! there is something affecting blood flow to them Causes of prerenal azotemia - ✔ ✔ CHF Advance Cirrhosis and Septic states What is the BUN and Serum Creatinine ratio in prerenal azotemia - ✔ ✔ HIGH - Greater than 20 with low urine output Acute Tubular necrosis (ATN) is the result of what - ✔ ✔ Decreased blood flow with ischemia. Occurs as a result of prerenal azotemia if it goes undiagnosed. What is the clinical presentation of Acute Kidney Failure in the hospitalized PT - ✔ ✔ Decreased urine output, dark colored urine, cola -colored urine and symptoms suggestive of uremia. What are the symptoms of Uremia - ✔ ✔ Fatigue, weakness, nausea, vomit ing, loss of appetite, metallic taste in mouth, itching, confusion, fluid retention, and hypertension. What are 4 things to look for when diagnosing AKF - ✔ ✔ 1. reduced weight 2. postural blood pressure and pulse changes 3. decreased JVD 4. bladder diste nsion is the BUN/Creatinine ratio in Prerenal azotemia increased or decreased - ✔ ✔ INCREASED >20/1