NSG 312 Medication Admin Notes (EXAM 1) with 100% correct solutions

NSG 312 Medication Admin Notes (EXAM 1) with 100% correct solutions Generic Name - answerassigned by the manufacturer that first develops the drug Trade Name - answerThe brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; several different brands can be present for the same medication Drug Preparation Types - answerOral (sublingual, buccal) Topical Injectable or parenteral Standing or daily orders - answerdrugs administered on daily basis until order becomes discontinued or changed One time order - answerAdminister the COVID vaccine prior to discharge (example) PRN order - answer"as needed" order for medication STAT order - answersingle order carried out immediately 7 rights of medication administration - answerRight drug, right dose, right patient, right route, right time, right reason, right documentation Pharmcokinetics - answerwhat the body does to the drug (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) Drug Absorption - answerTransfer of the drug from the site of entry to the bloodstream Rate depends on route (PO longest, SUBQ & IM quicker, IM 100% bioavailability Sublingual & buccal mucous membrane has local and systemic absorption effects Food can SLOW the absorption of some drugs by delaying gastric emptying Drug Distribution - answerpassage of a drug from the blood to the tissues and organs of the body Require adequacy of blood circulation (perfusion) Protein binding affects distribution (more bound to proteins less free drug available) Low plasma protein level increases free drug and increased therapeutic effect thus would need to decrease dose Blood brain barrier is present Placental barrier is present Drug Metabolism (Biotransformation) - answerchanging the drug from active to inactive prepping for excretion Liver is the primary site for metabolism Liver disease & aging are factors in metabolism Grapefruit juice inhibits P450 thus decreasing some drug metabolism First pass effect - extensive metabolism of the drug by the liver Drug Excretion - answerRemoving drug from the body Kidney is primary site of excretion Age, diseases like acute renal failure, chronic real failure impair drug excretion Older Adults Pharmacokinetics Considerations - answerDecreased gastric motility, gastric emptying, protein binding sites, liver function (failure to excrete drug an