Corrections- Exam 1 questions and answers latest top score.

Corrections- Exam 1 questions and answers latest top score. Corrections - correct answer. The institutions and methods that society uses to correct, control, and change the behavior of convicted offenders. Blameworthy - correct answer. The law defines that a person is criminally liable for his or her behavior. Just deserts - correct answer. Punishment that is commensurate with the seriousness of the offense or the harm done. Retribution - correct answer. Something given or demanded as repayment for wrongdoing -"getting even" for violating the social contract on which the law is based. General deterent effect - correct answer. The idea that punishing one person for his or her criminal acts will discourage others from committing similar acts. Specific deterrence - correct answer. The idea that an individual offender will decide against repeating an offense after experiencing the painfulness of punishment for that offense. Incapacitation - correct answer. Isolating offenders to protect society. Selective incapacitation - correct answer. Identifying high-rate offenders and providing for their long-term incarceration. Rehabilitation - correct answer. Changing an offenders character, attitudes, or behavior patterns so as to diminish his or her criminal propensities. Evidence-based programs - correct answer. This approach is an analysis of programs with scientifically approved methods to discover what works with which offenders. Restorative justice - correct answer. Making amends to the victim or to society for the harm resulting from a criminal offense. Equity goal of punishment - correct answer. That offenders usually gain from criminal violations makes it seem just and right that they repay society and victims for losses, expenses, and changes that result from their crimes. Code of Hammurabi - correct answer. Law code issued during the reign of Hammurabi of Babylon. -The law of lex talionis makes its appearance in this code, one of the first comprehensive views of the law. Monastic confinement - correct answer. Prisons established by the Church in the Middle Ages for those laity involved in offensive acts, such as incest and magic. Bridewells - correct answer. Houses of corrections run by local authorities to teach habits of industry to vagrants and idlers. House of Corrections - correct answer. Workhouses where vagrants were forced to work to achieve the purposes of discipline and punishment. Charles-Louis De Secondat, Baron De Montesquieu - correct answer. One of the founders of the classical school of criminology, who advocated the moderation of punishment. Cesare Bonesana Beccaria - correct answer. One of the founders of the classical school of criminology, who advocated that punishment should be public, immediate, and necessary. Jeremy Bentham - correct answer. One of the founders of the classical school of criminology, who believed that law should accomplish the utilitarian purpose of the protection of society. John Howard - correct answer. English sheriff who advocated jail reform. Alexander Maconochie - correct answer. Served as director of the prison colony in Australia and set up the "mark" system. Walter Crofton - correct answer. Prison reformer who developed the Irish mark system, which eventually spread to the United States and influenced the development of parole. Penitentiary - correct answer. A prison in which persons found guilty of a felony are isolated from normal society. Eastern state penitentiary - correct answer. A fortress-like prison in Philadelphia consisting of seven wings radiating from a control hub. -Prisoners where kept in solitary confinement. -It became a model for prisoners in several European countries. Pennsylvania model - correct answer. A penal system based on the belief that most prisoners would benefit from the experience of incarceration. Auburn cellblock - correct answer. An austere prison setting in Auburn, New York, in which inmates were made to endure great suffering. Auburn silent system - correct answer. A system first used in the prison in Auburn, New York, that demanded silence from all prisoners at all times, even when they were eating or working together. First correctional congress - correct answer. A congress held in Cincinnati in 1870 to present progressive ideas about corrections, which resulted in the formulation of the Declaration of Principles. Zebulon Brockway - correct answer. Superintendent of the Elmira Reformatory in New York. Reformatory model - correct answer. A penal system for youthful offenders featuring intermediate sentencing and parole, classification of prisoners, educational and vocational training, and increased privileges for positive behavior. Medical model - correct answer. That idea that criminality is a sickness that can be cured through psychological intervention. Howard B. Gill - correct answer. Developed the "scamp" system at the Norfolk Prison colony in Virginia. Nolle Prosequi - correct answer. A formal entry in the record of the court indicating that the prosecutor does not intend to proceed any further in this case. Mass incarceration - correct answer. A term given to the high rates of incarceration in the United States. Prison- Industrial Complex - correct answer. A term given to describe the multimillion-dollar prison-building boom in which powerful corporate interest groups, large businesses, and politicians join together to profit from the burgeoning corrections industry. Professionalism - correct answer. The conduct, aims, or qualities that characterize or make a profession or professional person. Concurrent Sentences - correct answer. One or more sentences imposed at the same time and served simultaneously. Consecutive Sentences - correct answer. One or more sentences imposed at the same time and served one after the other. Good Time - correct answer. A deduction of time awarded to inmates for good behavior.