Abeka Biology Chapters 1-12 Latest Update Graded A

Abeka Biology Chapters 1-12 Latest Update Graded A angiosperms refers to all flowering seed plants, which produce seeds that are covered by fruit monocots plants with only one cotyledon per seed; parallel veins, flower petals in multiples of 3, fibrous root system pulmonary these arteries carry blood from the heart to the lungs ventricles thick-walled chambers of the heart that pump blood out of the heart and to the body coronary arteries arteries that supply the heart muscle with blood systole the contracting and pumping phase of heart action liver organ known as the "chemical factory of the body" alveoli tiny air sacs in the lungs that allow gases to be exchanged between the air and the blood diaphragm a thick sheet of muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and functions in respiration retina inner layer of the eye that detects light and produces nerve impulses cochlea snail-shaped structure of the inner ear that senses sound vibrations and generates nerve impulses central this division of the nervous system contains the brain and spinal cord cerebellum the lower part of the brain that helps control balance and coordinates voluntary muscle activity cerebrum the upper part of the brain that coordinates thought, memory, and learned behaviors amino acids the building blocks (smaller molecules of long chains) of proteins ATP energy carrier for the cell carbohydrate intake should be 45-65% of our calories enzymes catalysts produced by living cells to bring about or speed up specific chemical reactions axon the long fiber of a neuron that transmits signals from the cell body to other nerve cells vitamin C an example of a water-soluble vitamin small intestine the primary organ of digestion and absorption hydrochloric acid acid in the stomach that kills bacteria and helps soften foods motor neurons carry information from the brain and spinal cord to the body parts thyroxine thyroid hormone that regulates general activities related to metabolism and oxidation epidermis protects and covers the leaf; the part of the skin that is exposed to the environment melanin the main pigment responsible for skin color sebum the oil, produced by glands in the skin, that waterproofs the skin and keeps it soft and flexible hemoglobin iron-containing blood protein that transports oxygen through the body spleen a hand-sized organ, located in the abdominal cavity behind the stomach, that serves as a reservoir for red blood cells plasma a liquid making up about 55% of the blood volume erythrocytes red blood cells that transport oxygen throughout the body circulatory system carries materials to (oxygen and