CADC Study Guide Chapter 4 Counseling
Exam Questions with Verified Answers
Effectiveness of Addiction Treatment is Measured by. p82 - Answer-By client's improved
functioning, reduced suffering, physiological indicators, retention in treatment, enhanced
interactions with other people, work performance, and other indexes of recovery.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Counseling Strategies. p81 - Answer-The counselor
must observe, recognize, assess, and document the client's progress in order to
measure the effectiveness of the counseling strategies used. This may involve eliciting
the client's perspective on progress, maintaining contact with referral sources, and
significant others.
Therapeutic Alliance. p82 - Answer-A "common factor" or "universal component" term
that focuses on the role of the therapeutic connection and relationship between the
counselor and the client plays in helping achieve successful outcomes.
Components of Therapeutic Alliance. p82 - Answer-Because the process of relationship
formation occurs within most therapeutic modalities, the alliance has come to be
universal and seen has had these factors.
1. The relationship or bond between therapist and client.
2. The consensus between the counselor and client regarding the techniques/methods
employed in treatment.
3.The consensus between the counselor and client regarding the goals of treatment.
Therapeutic Alliance Contributes to Positive Outcomes. p82 - Answer-Many factors
contribute to the client's ability to positive outcomes. Some are specific to the counselor,
some are specific to the client, and other external conditions. However, 80% of positive
change is due to the counselor/client therapeutic professional relationship where the
therapist exhibits warmth, empathy, and respect for the client.
Counselors Skills Include: p81 - Answer-The ability to understand the effect of culture,
gender, age, and disability. Including, understanding how to individualize treatment
plans, adapt counseling strategies to unique client characteristics and circumstances,
and apply culturally and linguistically responsive communication styles and practices.
Also,
1. Demonstrating clear and concise oral and written communication.
2. Observing and assessing client progress.
3. Engaging the client in the treatment process.
4. Applying progress and outcome measures.
Motivational Interviewing. p83 - Answer-A style of counseling communication/interaction
to facilitate change. It began in SUD treatment in the early 1980s. MI created a shift in
the underlying philosophy of care (Confrontational Interviewing an "intervention style").
,It uses a set of specific techniques to engender engagement and empowerment of the
persons seeking help for substance abuse problems.
Motivational Interviewing Assumptions. p83 - Answer-MI has a specific style of
counseling communication with certain beliefs and or expectations tied to it.
1. Ambivalence about substance use and change is normal and creates a significant
obstacle to the recovery process.
2. Ambivalence can be solved by working with the client's intrinsic motivational and
values.
3. The alliance between the counselor and the client is a collaborative partnership to
which each brings essential expertise.
4. An empathic, supportive, yet directive counseling style provides conditions under
which change can occur.
5. Direct argument and confrontation may tend to increase client defensiveness and
reduce the likelihood of behavior change (e.g., Interventions are considered
confrontational.)
Motivational Interviewing Principles. p83 - Answer-These truths are fundamental at first
contact with the client.
1. Express empathy through reflective and or active listening.
2. Develop discrepancy between the client's goals or values and their current behavior.
3. Avoid argument and confrontation.
4. Adjust to client resistance rather than opposing it directly.
5. Support self-efficacy and optimism.
Timing of Motivational Interviewing. p84 - Answer-Clinicians who adopt the MI approach
as a preferred style have found that the five strategies of communication are particularly
useful in the early stages of treatment. Helping client's address their natural
ambivalence is a good starting point.
5 MI strategies: #1 Ask Open-Ended Question. p84 - Answer-They are designed to
encourage a full, meaningful answer using the client's own knowledge and feelings.
Helps the counselor understand the client's point of view by eliciting dialogue since the
questions cannot be answered with a yes or no.
5 MI strategies: #2 Listen Reflectively:. p84 - Answer-Demonstrates that the counselor
has accurately heard and understood what the client was communicating by restating its
meaning. It is a way of checking rather than assuming the assigned meaning.
Eliminates resistance and encourages communication flow.
5 MI Strategies: #3 Summarize. p84 - Answer-The process of extracting the essential
meaning or most important parts of what the client has expressed and communicating it
back. Helps the clients consider their own response and contemplates their own
experiences.
, 5 MI strategies: #4 Affirm p84 - Answer-When done with sincerity, endorsing what the
client has said supports the client and promotes self-efficacy and validates the client's
experiences and feelings. Builds confidence to take action to change their behavior.
5 MI strategies: #5 Elicit Self-Motivational statements. p84 - Answer-The role of the
counselor is to evoke and entice the client to voice personal concerns and intentions.
Successful motivational interviewing results in the client voicing the arguments for
change and persuading themselves that change is possible. Belief in the possibility of
change is a strong motivator. This can result in the client voicing change for themselves
that change is possible.
The Spirit of MI is based on 4 Key Elements. p85 - Answer-The quintessence of MI is
found in these steps.
1. Partner/Collaboration is working together and avoiding the expert role.
2. Acceptance/Autonomy is respecting the client's autonomy, potentials, strengths, and
perspectives.
3. Compassion is keeping the clients best interests in mind.
4. Evocation is that the best ideas come from the client.
The Spirit of MI- #1 Partner/Collaboration. p84 - Answer-The first of these four steps in
MI is to build a partnership and to work in collaboration and avoid the expert role. It is a
partnership role In which the professional honors and respects the expertise and
perspective.
The Spirit of MI- #2 Acceptance/ Autonomy. p84 - Answer-The second step is described
as allowing the client to decide for themselves whether or not to change. Acceptance
focuses on respect for the client and not trying to make them do things or search for
what is wrong with them and telling them how to fix it. Acceptance 4 points- Absolute
worth, accurate empathy, autonomy support, and affirmation.
The Spirit of MI- #3 Compassion. p85 - Answer-The third step is keeping the client's
best interests in mind. This is NOT being sympathetic, rather being empathetic and
compassionate means actively promoting the best welfare of the client. " Having One's
Heart in the Right Place."
The Spirit of MI- #4 Evocation. p85 - Answer-The fourth step is best amplified when the
ideas come from the client. Saying to the client, " You have what you need, and
together we will find it. This is the belief that ideas, memories, and recalling feelings are
brought back to the conscious mind in the client. The focus is that resources and
motivation are within the client and that these resources and motivation should be
evoked from the client rather than provided by the practitioner.
Counseling Skills (2 Helping Traits). p86 - Answer-The strength of the counseling
relationship depends on two factors.
1. Facilitative qualities the counselor brings to the process.
Exam Questions with Verified Answers
Effectiveness of Addiction Treatment is Measured by. p82 - Answer-By client's improved
functioning, reduced suffering, physiological indicators, retention in treatment, enhanced
interactions with other people, work performance, and other indexes of recovery.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Counseling Strategies. p81 - Answer-The counselor
must observe, recognize, assess, and document the client's progress in order to
measure the effectiveness of the counseling strategies used. This may involve eliciting
the client's perspective on progress, maintaining contact with referral sources, and
significant others.
Therapeutic Alliance. p82 - Answer-A "common factor" or "universal component" term
that focuses on the role of the therapeutic connection and relationship between the
counselor and the client plays in helping achieve successful outcomes.
Components of Therapeutic Alliance. p82 - Answer-Because the process of relationship
formation occurs within most therapeutic modalities, the alliance has come to be
universal and seen has had these factors.
1. The relationship or bond between therapist and client.
2. The consensus between the counselor and client regarding the techniques/methods
employed in treatment.
3.The consensus between the counselor and client regarding the goals of treatment.
Therapeutic Alliance Contributes to Positive Outcomes. p82 - Answer-Many factors
contribute to the client's ability to positive outcomes. Some are specific to the counselor,
some are specific to the client, and other external conditions. However, 80% of positive
change is due to the counselor/client therapeutic professional relationship where the
therapist exhibits warmth, empathy, and respect for the client.
Counselors Skills Include: p81 - Answer-The ability to understand the effect of culture,
gender, age, and disability. Including, understanding how to individualize treatment
plans, adapt counseling strategies to unique client characteristics and circumstances,
and apply culturally and linguistically responsive communication styles and practices.
Also,
1. Demonstrating clear and concise oral and written communication.
2. Observing and assessing client progress.
3. Engaging the client in the treatment process.
4. Applying progress and outcome measures.
Motivational Interviewing. p83 - Answer-A style of counseling communication/interaction
to facilitate change. It began in SUD treatment in the early 1980s. MI created a shift in
the underlying philosophy of care (Confrontational Interviewing an "intervention style").
,It uses a set of specific techniques to engender engagement and empowerment of the
persons seeking help for substance abuse problems.
Motivational Interviewing Assumptions. p83 - Answer-MI has a specific style of
counseling communication with certain beliefs and or expectations tied to it.
1. Ambivalence about substance use and change is normal and creates a significant
obstacle to the recovery process.
2. Ambivalence can be solved by working with the client's intrinsic motivational and
values.
3. The alliance between the counselor and the client is a collaborative partnership to
which each brings essential expertise.
4. An empathic, supportive, yet directive counseling style provides conditions under
which change can occur.
5. Direct argument and confrontation may tend to increase client defensiveness and
reduce the likelihood of behavior change (e.g., Interventions are considered
confrontational.)
Motivational Interviewing Principles. p83 - Answer-These truths are fundamental at first
contact with the client.
1. Express empathy through reflective and or active listening.
2. Develop discrepancy between the client's goals or values and their current behavior.
3. Avoid argument and confrontation.
4. Adjust to client resistance rather than opposing it directly.
5. Support self-efficacy and optimism.
Timing of Motivational Interviewing. p84 - Answer-Clinicians who adopt the MI approach
as a preferred style have found that the five strategies of communication are particularly
useful in the early stages of treatment. Helping client's address their natural
ambivalence is a good starting point.
5 MI strategies: #1 Ask Open-Ended Question. p84 - Answer-They are designed to
encourage a full, meaningful answer using the client's own knowledge and feelings.
Helps the counselor understand the client's point of view by eliciting dialogue since the
questions cannot be answered with a yes or no.
5 MI strategies: #2 Listen Reflectively:. p84 - Answer-Demonstrates that the counselor
has accurately heard and understood what the client was communicating by restating its
meaning. It is a way of checking rather than assuming the assigned meaning.
Eliminates resistance and encourages communication flow.
5 MI Strategies: #3 Summarize. p84 - Answer-The process of extracting the essential
meaning or most important parts of what the client has expressed and communicating it
back. Helps the clients consider their own response and contemplates their own
experiences.
, 5 MI strategies: #4 Affirm p84 - Answer-When done with sincerity, endorsing what the
client has said supports the client and promotes self-efficacy and validates the client's
experiences and feelings. Builds confidence to take action to change their behavior.
5 MI strategies: #5 Elicit Self-Motivational statements. p84 - Answer-The role of the
counselor is to evoke and entice the client to voice personal concerns and intentions.
Successful motivational interviewing results in the client voicing the arguments for
change and persuading themselves that change is possible. Belief in the possibility of
change is a strong motivator. This can result in the client voicing change for themselves
that change is possible.
The Spirit of MI is based on 4 Key Elements. p85 - Answer-The quintessence of MI is
found in these steps.
1. Partner/Collaboration is working together and avoiding the expert role.
2. Acceptance/Autonomy is respecting the client's autonomy, potentials, strengths, and
perspectives.
3. Compassion is keeping the clients best interests in mind.
4. Evocation is that the best ideas come from the client.
The Spirit of MI- #1 Partner/Collaboration. p84 - Answer-The first of these four steps in
MI is to build a partnership and to work in collaboration and avoid the expert role. It is a
partnership role In which the professional honors and respects the expertise and
perspective.
The Spirit of MI- #2 Acceptance/ Autonomy. p84 - Answer-The second step is described
as allowing the client to decide for themselves whether or not to change. Acceptance
focuses on respect for the client and not trying to make them do things or search for
what is wrong with them and telling them how to fix it. Acceptance 4 points- Absolute
worth, accurate empathy, autonomy support, and affirmation.
The Spirit of MI- #3 Compassion. p85 - Answer-The third step is keeping the client's
best interests in mind. This is NOT being sympathetic, rather being empathetic and
compassionate means actively promoting the best welfare of the client. " Having One's
Heart in the Right Place."
The Spirit of MI- #4 Evocation. p85 - Answer-The fourth step is best amplified when the
ideas come from the client. Saying to the client, " You have what you need, and
together we will find it. This is the belief that ideas, memories, and recalling feelings are
brought back to the conscious mind in the client. The focus is that resources and
motivation are within the client and that these resources and motivation should be
evoked from the client rather than provided by the practitioner.
Counseling Skills (2 Helping Traits). p86 - Answer-The strength of the counseling
relationship depends on two factors.
1. Facilitative qualities the counselor brings to the process.
