IAAP CPACC Certification: Accessibility and Universal Design Exam 2022 Graded A+

IAAP CPACC Certification: Accessibility and Universal Design Exam 2022 Graded A+ What is the biggest and most important benefit of accessibility? It improves people's lives, and makes life easier for people with disabilities What are the benefits of accessibility for businesses? (6) 1. Improves public perception 2. Increases compatibility for web-enabled devices 3. Improves Search Engine Optimization 4. Increases your customer base 5. Increases your eligibility for funding 6. Helps you avoid lawsuits What are the benefits of accessibility for people without disabilities? (3) 1. Accessible designs improve access for all 2. There is less burden on family members and helpers 3. There is an opportunity to befriend more people with disabilities What are the main web accessibility principles? (4) 1. Perceivable 2. Operable 3. Understandable 4. Robust What is the definition of the perceivable web accessibility principle? The ability to perceive web content through at least one of your biological senses, with the focus being on sight, sound, and touch How does someone perceive web content via sight? They look at it and the brain translates the visual stimulus into meaningful information; works well for those with good vision but not so well for those who do not How does someone perceive web content via sound? Screen reader software can convert digital text into synthesized speech; it is a fundamentally different experience to access the web in this way, but not necessarily bad How does someone perceive web content via touch? Screen readers can convert digital text, including audio transcripts, into Braille What can you use to make dynamic interactions accessible using digital text? Accessible Rich Internet Applications (ARIA) Why is the perceivable web accessibility principle important? People can't access content unless they know it's there and making sure users know what's on the web page means you know they are able to access it What is the definition of the operable web accessibility principle? Making the input methods of web content functionality available to a wide range of input devices, including: mouse or touch pad, keyboard, touchscreen, voice recognition software, and other specialized input devices What is the goal of the operable web accessibility principle? To allow all features to work, no matter what input device a person is using What are the components of the operable web accessibility principle? (4) 1. Navigating into web components 2. Using features within them 3. Navigating through them 4. Navigating out of them With Flash objects, what is the keyboard trap? Users are able to navigate into, within, and through a Flash object using a keyboard, but are unable to navigate out of them How can you script for device independence? (3) 1. Use device-independent event handlers, such as onfocus, onblur and onselect, rather than device-specific event handlers such as onmouseover, onmouseout and ondblclick 2. If you need to use a device-specific event handler, include a redundant keyboard-specific event handler as well 3. Test the content in multiple ways and on touch screens When you create dynamic interactions, pay close attention to the location of the ____________ _____. Programmatic focus When are session timeouts allowable? When the user is given sufficient warning and is able to navigate into, within, through and out of the notification You can accomplish near-universal operability of your web content by making it _________ __________. Keyboard accessible (but don't ignore mouse users) What is the definition of the understandable web accessibility principle? Making content and interfaces people can comprehend How would you go about making content and interfaces understandable? (4) 1. Specify the language of the document and of specific phrases, if the language is different 2. Simplify the reading or vocabulary level 3. Avoid terminology or unfamiliar or complex concepts 4. Provide supplemental formats to increase understanding Web sites with multiple pages or views should maintain a __________ ____ and ____ across the pages or views. Consistent look, feel True or False: generally, it is a good idea to design a completely new and different way of interacting with web components. False How can you provide assistance with error prevention and correction? (2) 1. Provide instructions, hints, and contextual help when asking for user input and if the field has any special constraints 2. Provide feedback with confirmation and error messages, available to both sighted and non-sighted users What is the definition of the robust web accessibility principle? Ensuring compatibility with a broad range of user agents, including assistive technologies What is one of the best ways to increase the likelihood of robust markup and code across user agents? Using standard markup and validating the content using the appropriate validators What should you use to indicate the name, role, and value of interactive components? ARIA; properties need to be updated dynamically using JavaScript Which principle of web accessibility focuses on presenting information that can be accessed through multiple biological senses? Perceivable Ensuring that interaction with web content does not depend on using specific input devices is an application of which principle? Operable Alerting users to session timeouts utilizes which principle? Operable True or False: making sure that web content is robust means making sure that content is written in a manner that is easy to comprehend. False Ensuring that navigation features like a menu are consistent across the entire website is an example of which web accessibility principle? Understandable A pop warning on a web site that states to all users: "your session is about to expire. Would you like to continue?" is an example of which web accessibility principle? Perceivable Link text that communicates the purpose and destination of the link is an example of which web accessibility principle? Operable Allowing users to extend a time limit on a web page is an example of which web accessibility principle? Operable An audio description track for a video tour of a facility is an example of which web accessibility principle? Perceivable An item that communicates to a screen reader that it is expanded or collapsed is an example of which web accessibility principle? Robust Functionality on a web page that is both mouse and keyboard accessible is an example of which web accessibility principle? Operable Important information that is communicated using both color and text is an example of which web accessibility principle? Perceivable Identifying the primary language of a web page is an example of which web accessibility principle? Understandable High contrast between text elements and the background on a web page is an example of which web accessibility principle? Perceivable How do you make an image accessible? Add short, meaningful alternative text to all images as a replacement for people who can't see it How do you make color accessible? Don't rely on color alone to convey meaning; always supplement color coded information with text explanations How do you make contract accessible? Ensure the contrast of the text against the background is sufficient to allow the text to be ready easily How do you make video and audio accessible? Provide synchronized captions for the deaf, synchronized audio descriptions for the blind, and a text transcript for those who are both deaf and blind How do you make links accessible? Ensure the link text clearly explains the destination or purpose of the link; don't use "click here" How do headings improve accessibility? By creating a properly-structured outline of a page to organize content and improve navigation How does making content keyboard accessible improve accessibility? By not assuming everyone uses a mouse, making sure that the tab order is logical and that the focus indicator is visible to sighted users How do you make tables accessible? Associate data cells with header cells to allow users to navigate effectively How do you make forms accessible? By labeling all form elements and associating that label with the form element in the markup How do you make dynamic JavaScript accessible? By marking up the name, role, state and properties of elements with ARIA (and changing them dynamically, if needed) and by controlling keyboard focus What is the benefit of Accessible Rich Internet Applications (ARIA)? Its markup can be inserted in HTML to announce things like when a tab is selected or a checkbox is checked; makes it possible for JavaScript to be accessible How do you make a PDF document accessible? By tagging it and editing it for reading order, tab order, and other semantic and structural markup Which accessibility design feature should be visible to sighted keyboard users when the item receives keyboard focus? "Skip navigation" links True or False: by default, screen readers start reading a page at the beginning of the main content False What are the principles of universal design? (7) 1. Equitable use 2. Flexibility in use 3. Simple and intuitive use 4. Perceptible information