MPP Comprehensive Exam Questions With Complete Solutions

MPP Comprehensive Exam Questions With Complete Solutions The major constituent of plasma is -Answer-water Select all the correct responses regarding hematocrit: -Answer--Is an indicator of oxygen carrying capacity of the blood -is the % of red blood cells to total blood volume -Is the portion of the blood where you would find hemoglobin Thrombin -Answer-plays a role in clot formation The ventricular diastolic phase is associated with -Answer-ventricular filling and aortic elastic recoil End diastolic volume -Answer-can be influenced by venous return Select the option that can increase cardiac output: -Answer--norepinephrine and epinephrine -increased ventricular preload -increased slope of pacemaker potentials of --- autorhythmic cells in the S.A. node constriction of veins -ALL Sinus bradycardia is defined by a resting heart rate less than 60 beats per minute in awake adults. Select a possible cause. -Answer-Increased vagal activity Diastolic pressure in capillaries is ______________ pressure in the vena cava -Answer-higher than Sympathetic tone -Answer-is the major influence on arteriolar diameter at rest Total peripheral resistance -Answer-Contributes to blood pressure. What variables influence blood flow? -Answer--Arteriolar diameter -Sympathetic tone -Upstream vs downstream pressure gradients -Cardiac stroke volume Arterial baroreceptors -Answer-increase their firing rate as pressure increases Blood flow through the pulmonary vascular bed -Answer-varies directly with cardiac output Patient A's blood pressure is 135/100, and patient B's pressure is 115/70. Which of the following statements is correct? -Answer-A's left ventricle faces a higher afterload Which of the Starling forces do you expect to be increased in someone with hypertension (elevated blood pressure)? -Answer-Plasma hydrostatic pressure Plasma oncotic pressure influences the distribution of water between _______ compartments and is a function of ___________. -Answer-plasma and interstitial, plasma protein concentration The largest single contributor to total peripheral resistance is -Answer-resistance in the skeletal muscle vascular bed Renin release -Answer-is stimulated by a fall in GFR Some pregnant women develop a form of gestational hypertension known as preeclampsia. This disorder is often associated with a hypersensitivity to angiotensin-II. Why might hypersensitivity to Ang-II cause hypertension? -Answer-Ang-II is a potent vasoconstrictor Changes in plasma volume are sensed -Answer-as changes in blood pressure In response to severe blood loss, -Answer-The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated Select all the possible changes that would cause stroke volume to increase. -Answer-- Sympathetic stimulation of the heart -Decreased diastolic blood pressure -Venous constriction -Increased preload Sequence the pathway of blood flow through the cardiovascular system starting at the right atrium. -Answer-1. Pulmonary vein 2. Left ventricle 3. Aortic valve 4. Arterioles 5. Tissue capillaries 6. Venules 7. Vena Cava From the options of physiological pairs, which options do not belong together? -Answer-Altered ventricular contractility: parasympathetic